python - R中的Python-错误: could not find a Python environment for/usr/bin/python

Question

我不明白R如何处理Python环境和Python版本，并不断收到错误Error: could not find a Python environment for /usr/bin/python。我安装了Miniconda并在 shell 中创建了一个conda环境:

conda activate r-reticulate

然后，在R中，我尝试安装keras(与软件包tensorflow相同的问题):

library(keras)
reticulate::use_condaenv()
install_keras(method = "conda", conda = reticulate::conda_binary())

...并得到以下错误:

Error: could not find a Python environment for /usr/bin/python

我试图弄清楚应该使用什么Python R

reticulate::py_config()

并得到

python:         /usr/bin/python
libpython:      /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/config/libpython2.7.dylib
pythonhome:     /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7
version:        2.7.16 (default, Jul  5 2020, 02:24:03)  [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 11.0.3 (clang-1103.0.29.21) (-macos10.15-objc-
numpy:          /Users/bestocke/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/numpy
numpy_version:  1.16.6
tensorflow:     [NOT FOUND]

python versions found: 
 /usr/bin/python3
 /usr/local/bin/python3
 /usr/bin/python

我不明白这似乎正在使用Python 2.7。当试图弄清楚shell中使用了哪个Python时，我得到:

> which python
/opt/miniconda3/envs/r-reticulate/bin/python

和

> ls -l /opt/miniconda3/envs/r-reticulate/bin/python
lrwxr-xr-x  1 username  wheel  9 Aug  2 15:21 /opt/miniconda3/envs/r-reticulate/bin/python -> python3.6

建议使用Python 3.6。
我这是怎么了？

Answer 1

尝试按照https://tensorflow.rstudio.com/installation/的指南进行操作:
在您的R-studio控制台中:

install.packages(tensorflow)

library(tensorflow)

install_tensorflow()

如果您尚未手动安装Anaconda/Miniconda，则请执行步骤no。 3，提示将询问您的许可以安装Miniconda。如果您已经安装了 conda，则:

在conda中创建新环境r-reticulate:conda create -n r-reticulate

从R-studio控制台安装带有参数的tensorflow:install_tensorflow(method = 'conda', envname = 'r-reticulate')

加载网状软件包library(reticulate)

在R-studio中激活conda环境use_condaenv('r-reticulate')

加载 tensorflow libray library(tensorflow)

检查tensorflow是否处于 Activity 状态tf$constant("Hellow Tensorflow")

引用 :

https://tensorflow.rstudio.com/installation/

https://rstudio.github.io/reticulate/