r - 如何使用 ascii、html 或 markdown 格式在 R 中打印表格？

Question

library(xtable)
library(rattle)
set.seed(42)
obs <- sample(1:nrow(weatherAUS), 5)
vars <- 2:7
xtable(weatherAUS[obs, vars])

我用代码得到以下输出，为什么我不能得到格式化的表？

% latex table generated in R 2.15.1 by xtable 1.7-1 package  
% Sat Apr  6 17:02:37 2013  
\begin{table}[ht]  
\centering  
\begin{tabular}{rlrrrrr}  
  \hline  
 & Location & MinTemp & MaxTemp & Rainfall & Evaporation & Sunshine \\   
  \hline  
60992 & Hobart & 5.60 & 13.00 & 7.60 & 1.60 & 3.10 \\   
  62476 & Launceston & 7.40 & 13.50 & 8.80 &  &  \\   
  19077 & Williamtown & 18.30 & 29.10 & 3.20 & 1.00 & 7.00 \\   
  55366 & PerthAirport & 9.80 & 21.90 & 0.00 & 3.60 & 9.80 \\   
  42784 & GoldCoast & 23.40 & 30.40 & 0.00 &  &  \\   
   \hline  
\end{tabular}  
\end{table}  

Answer 1

您从 xtable 返回的内容|格式很好，但由于它采用 LaTeX 语法，因此值得运行像 pdflatex 这样的 LaTeX 编译器。 .这将返回这样的 pdf 文档:



如果你想在 R 控制台中有一个格式化的表格，那么一个相当人类可读的标准版本 print.data.frame ，你可以试试 ascii或我的 pander包裹。例子:

基本款ascii称呼:

> library(ascii)
> ascii(weatherAUS[obs, vars])
|=================================================================================== 
1.1+| h| Location     h| MinTemp h| MaxTemp h| Rainfall h| Evaporation h| Sunshine 
| 60992 | Hobart       | 5.60    | 13.00   | 7.60     | 1.60        | 3.10     
| 62476 | Launceston   | 7.40    | 13.50   | 8.80     |             |          
| 19077 | Williamtown  | 18.30   | 29.10   | 3.20     | 1.00        | 7.00     
| 55366 | PerthAirport | 9.80    | 21.90   | 0.00     | 3.60        | 9.80     
| 42784 | GoldCoast    | 23.40   | 30.40   | 0.00     |             |          
|=================================================================================== 

调用 ascii返回表格，例如重构文本格式:

> print(ascii(weatherAUS[obs, vars]), type = "rest")

+-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+
|       | Location     | MinTemp | MaxTemp | Rainfall | Evaporation | Sunshine |
+=======+==============+=========+=========+==========+=============+==========+
| 60992 | Hobart       | 5.60    | 13.00   | 7.60     | 1.60        | 3.10     |
+-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+
| 62476 | Launceston   | 7.40    | 13.50   | 8.80     |             |          |
+-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+
| 19077 | Williamtown  | 18.30   | 29.10   | 3.20     | 1.00        | 7.00     |
+-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+
| 55366 | PerthAirport | 9.80    | 21.90   | 0.00     | 3.60        | 9.80     |
+-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+
| 42784 | GoldCoast    | 23.40   | 30.40   | 0.00     |             |          |
+-------+--------------+---------+---------+----------+-------------+----------+

使用 pander以不同的 Markdown 格式返回表格:

> library(pander)
> panderOptions('table.split.table', Inf)
> pander(weatherAUS[obs, vars])

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         Location    MinTemp   MaxTemp   Rainfall   Evaporation   Sunshine 
----------- ------------ --------- --------- ---------- ------------- ----------
 **60992**     Hobart       5.6      13.0       7.6          1.6         3.1    

 **62476**   Launceston     7.4      13.5       8.8                             

 **19077**  Williamtown    18.3      29.1       3.2          1.0         7.0    

 **55366**  PerthAirport    9.8      21.9       0.0          3.6         9.8    

 **42784**   GoldCoast     23.4      30.4       0.0                             
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

或在 grid格式:

> pandoc.table(weatherAUS[obs, vars], style = 'grid')

+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
|        |   Location   |  MinTemp  |  MaxTemp  |  Rainfall  |  Evaporation  |  Sunshine  |
+=============+==============+===========+===========+============+===============+============+
|  **60992**  |    Hobart    |    5.6    |   13.0    |    7.6     |      1.6      |    3.1     |
+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
|  **62476**  |  Launceston  |    7.4    |   13.5    |    8.8     |               |            |
+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
|  **19077**  | Williamtown  |   18.3    |   29.1    |    3.2     |      1.0      |    7.0     |
+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
|  **55366**  | PerthAirport |    9.8    |   21.9    |    0.0     |      3.6      |    9.8     |
+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
|  **42784**  |  GoldCoast   |   23.4    |   30.4    |    0.0     |               |            |
+-------------+--------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+

更多 simple格式:

> pandoc.table(weatherAUS[obs, vars], style = 'simple')

         Location    MinTemp   MaxTemp   Rainfall   Evaporation   Sunshine 
----------- ------------ --------- --------- ---------- ------------- ----------
 **60992**     Hobart       5.6      13.0       7.6          1.6         3.1    
 **62476**   Launceston     7.4      13.5       8.8                             
 **19077**  Williamtown    18.3      29.1       3.2          1.0         7.0    
 **55366**  PerthAirport    9.8      21.9       0.0          3.6         9.8    
 **42784**   GoldCoast     23.4      30.4       0.0                             

或者在 PHPMarkdown Extra/piped 语法中与 knitr 一起使用:

> pandoc.table(weatherAUS[obs, vars], style = 'rmarkdown')

|        |   Location   |  MinTemp  |  MaxTemp  |  Rainfall  |  Evaporation  |  Sunshine  |
|:-----------:|:------------:|:---------:|:---------:|:----------:|:-------------:|:----------:|
|  **60992**  |    Hobart    |    5.6    |   13.0    |    7.6     |      1.6      |    3.1     |
|  **62476**  |  Launceston  |    7.4    |   13.5    |    8.8     |               |            |
|  **19077**  | Williamtown  |   18.3    |   29.1    |    3.2     |      1.0      |    7.0     |
|  **55366**  | PerthAirport |    9.8    |   21.9    |    0.0     |      3.6      |    9.8     |
|  **42784**  |  GoldCoast   |   23.4    |   30.4    |    0.0     |               |            |