python - 如何将不同的模型表单添加到 modelformset_factory

Question

关于这些模型:

class Projects(models.Model):
    projectDescription = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,null = True,)
    status = models.IntegerField(choices = Status_CHOICES, default = 4)
    projectOwner = models.ForeignKey(staff, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True,null = True,)

class Updates(models.Model):
    project = models.ForeignKey(Projects, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    update = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,null = True,)
    updateDate = models.DateTimeField(default = timezone.now, editable = False)
    addedBy = models.CharField(max_length=35,blank=True,)

我想创建一个 View 来显示所有当前项目的表单。这很容易使用 modelformset_factory .但是我怎样才能为这些项目表单实例中的每一个添加一个附加表单，以便可以对项目(外键)进行更新？
理想情况下，用户对各种项目进行更改，为一个或多个项目添加更新，然后提交表单以保存所有更改。
我在下面的内容似乎非常接近，但它正在保存对每个项目的更新，其中包含我在最后一个表单中输入的任何内容的值。这似乎是因为形式不是唯一的。我走上了使用前缀的道路，这似乎也无济于事。帮助!

更新表格

class updateForm(ModelForm):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(updateForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    class Meta:
        model = Updates
        fields = ('update',)

查看:

def MDSprojects(request):
    projects = Projects.objects.filter(dept = 'Assistive Technology')
    projectFormset = modelformset_factory(Projects, form=EditProjectForm, extra = 0)

    if request.method == 'POST':
        formsetA = projectFormset(request.POST,request.FILES)
        if formsetA.is_valid():
            for f in formsetA:
                formA = f.save(commit = False)
                id = formA.id
                formA.save()
                formsetB = updateForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
                if formsetB.is_valid():
                    formB = formsetB.save(commit = False)
                    project = Projects.objects.get(id = id)
                    formB.project = project
                    formB.save()
                else:
                    print(formsetB.errors)
            return redirect('MDS_Projects')
        else:
            print(formsetA.errors)
    else:
        formsetA = projectFormset(queryset = projects)
        formsetB = updateForm()
        return render(request,'MDSprojectsB.html',{'formset':formsetA,'formsetB':formsetB,})

模板:

<form method="POST" enctype= multipart/form-data>
  {{ formset.management_form }}
  {% csrf_token %}
  {%for form in formset%}
    {{ form.management_form }}
    {% for hidden in form.hidden_fields %}
      {{ hidden }}
    {% endfor %}
  <div class="card border-primary mb-3" style="max-width: 85rem;">
    <div class="card-header text-primary">
       <strong>{{form.instance.projectDescription}}</strong>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Project Name: {{form.projectDescription}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Status: {{form.status}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Status: {{form.projectOwner}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Status: {{form.priority}}</div>
    <div>
        {{ formsetB.management_form }}
        {% for hidden in formsetB.hidden_fields %}
          {{ hidden }}
        {% endfor %}
        {{formsetB}}
    </div>
  </div>
  {% endfor %}
  <button class="btn btn-success btn" type="submit">Save Changes</button>
 </form>

编辑:

也许解释我的问题的另一种方式是:

如果我有与上面相同的模型:

class Projects(models.Model):
    projectDescription = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,null = True,)
    status = models.IntegerField(choices = Status_CHOICES, default = 4)
    projectOwner = models.ForeignKey(staff, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True,null = True,)

class Updates(models.Model):
    project = models.ForeignKey(Projects, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    update = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True,null = True,)
    updateDate = models.DateTimeField(default = timezone.now, editable = False)
    addedBy = models.CharField(max_length=35,blank=True,)

我想要一个 View ，将所有当前项目呈现为单独的表单，以便用户可以在一个 View 中更改项目模型。此外，我希望用户也能够为每个项目添加更新。

例如，如果我有 3 个项目，我希望在页面上看到 3 个表单。每个表单都将包含用于修改此项目的字段(因此这些表单字段将使用当前值预先填充)。最后(我被卡住的部分)将是一个额外的空字段，用于向项目添加更新。

Answer 1

解决方案一

你所做的几乎是正确的。您已经启动了一个 UpdateForm，但您将它视为一个表单集。然而，它是一个 Form 实例。如果您按如下方式更改代码，则可能会实现您的目标。

模型.py

class Project(models.Model):
    description = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    status = models.IntegerField(choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default=4)
    owner = models.ForeignKey(staff, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True, null=True)
    ...

class Update(models.Model):
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    notes = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    update_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now, editable=False)
    added_by = models.CharField(max_length=35, blank=True)

表格.py

class CreateUpdateForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Update
        fields = ('notes')


class EditProjectForm(ModelForm)
    class Meta:
        model = Project
        fields = ('__all__')

View .py

def mds_projects(request):
    project_formset = modelformset_factory(Project, form=EditProjectForm, extra=0)

    if request.method == 'POST':
        formset = project_formset(request.POST,request.FILES)
        if formset.is_valid():
            for f in formset:
                project = f.save(commit = False)

                update_form = CreateUpdateForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
                if update_form.is_valid():
                    update = update_form.save(commit = False)
                    update.project = project
                    project.save()
                    update.save()
                else:
                    print(update_form.errors)
            return redirect('MDS_Projects')
        else:
            print(formset.errors)
    else:
        projects = Project.objects.filter(dept='Assistive Technology')
        formset = project_formset(queryset=projects)
        update_form = updateForm()
        return render(request,'MDSprojectsB.html',{'formset':formset, 'update_form':update_form})

MDSprojectsB.html

<form method="POST" enctype= multipart/form-data>
  {{ formset.management_form }}
  {% csrf_token %}
  {%for form in formset%}
    {{ form.management_form }}
    {% for hidden in form.hidden_fields %}
      {{ hidden }}
    {% endfor %}
  <div class="card border-primary mb-3" style="max-width: 85rem;">
    <div class="card-header text-primary">
       <strong>{{form.instance.description}}</strong>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Project Name: {{form.description}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Status: {{form.status}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Owner: {{form.owner}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Priority: {{form.priority}}</div>
    <div>
        {{ update_form }}
    </div>
  </div>
  {% endfor %}
  <button class="btn btn-success btn" type="submit">Save Changes</button>
 </form>

方案二

您也可以对两种模型使用一种形式。由于您只需要 Update 的更新说明您可以添加额外的表单字段来更新项目表单，因此您不需要额外的更新表单。

表格.py

class EditProjectForm(ModelForm)
    update_notes = forms.CharField(max_length=50, help_text='50 characters max.')
    class Meta:
        model = Project
        fields = ('__all__')

View .py

def mds_projects(request):
    project_formset = modelformset_factory(Project, form=EditProjectForm, extra=0)

    if request.method == 'POST':
        formset = project_formset(request.POST,request.FILES)
        if formset.is_valid():
            for f in formset:
                project = f.save(commit = False)
                update = Update.objects.create(notes=f.cleaned_data['update_notes'], project=project)
                project.save()

            return redirect('MDS_Projects')
        else:
            print(formset.errors)
    else:
        projects = Project.objects.filter(dept='Assistive Technology')
        formset = project_formset(queryset=projects)
        return render(request,'MDSprojectsB.html',{'formset':formset})

MDSprojectsB.html

<form method="POST" enctype= multipart/form-data>
  {{ formset.management_form }}
  {% csrf_token %}
  {%for form in formset%}
    {{ form.management_form }}
    {% for hidden in form.hidden_fields %}
      {{ hidden }}
    {% endfor %}
  <div class="card border-primary mb-3" style="max-width: 85rem;">
    <div class="card-header text-primary">
       <strong>{{form.instance.description}}</strong>
    </div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Project Name: {{form.description}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Status: {{form.status}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Owner: {{form.owner}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Priority: {{form.priority}}</div>
    <div class="card-body text-primary"> Update: {{form.update_notes}}</div>
  </div>
  {% endfor %}
  <button class="btn btn-success btn" type="submit">Save Changes</button>
 </form>

附言您提供的代码违反了 python 和 django 命名约定。请尽量遵守这些约定。我已经修复了我的代码中的一些。例如，您不应将模型命名为复数，而应为函数和变量使用驼峰命名法。