asp.net-web-api - Web API 2 OWIN Bearer token 身份验证 - AccessTokenFormat null？

Question

我有一个现有的 ASP.NET MVC 5 项目，我正在向它添加一个 Web API 2 项目。我想使用不记名 token 认证，并按照孙宏烨的教程“OWIN Bearer Token Authentication with Web API Sample”和this question也是。

在我的 Login方法，用于行 Startup.OAuthBearerOptions.AccessTokenFormat.Protect(ticket); , 访问 token 格式 一片空白。知道为什么吗？

我的 账户 Controller :

[RoutePrefix("api")]
public class AccountController : ApiController
{        
    public AccountController() {}

    // POST api/login
    [HttpPost]
    [Route("login")]
    public HttpResponseMessage Login(int id, string pwd)
    {
        if (id > 0) // testing - not authenticating right now
        {
            var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(Startup.OAuthBearerOptions.AuthenticationType);
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, id.ToString()));
            AuthenticationTicket ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(identity, new AuthenticationProperties());
            var currentUtc = new SystemClock().UtcNow;
            ticket.Properties.IssuedUtc = currentUtc;
            ticket.Properties.ExpiresUtc = currentUtc.Add(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30));
            var token = Startup.OAuthBearerOptions.AccessTokenFormat.Protect(ticket);
            return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)
            {
                Content = new ObjectContent<object>(new
                {
                    UserName = id.ToString(),
                    AccessToken = token
                }, Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter)
            };
        }

        return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
    }

    // POST api/token
    [Route("token")]
    [HttpPost]
    public HttpResponseMessage Token(int id, string pwd)
    {
        // Never reaches here. Do I need this method?
        return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK);
    }
}

启动 类(class):

public class Startup
{
    private static readonly ILog _log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);
    public static OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions OAuthBearerOptions { get; private set; }
    public static OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions OAuthOptions { get; private set; }
    public static Func<MyUserManager> UserManagerFactory { get; set; }
    public static string PublicClientId { get; private set; }

    static Startup()
    {
        PublicClientId = "MyWeb";

        UserManagerFactory = () => new MyUserManager(new UserStore<MyIdentityUser>());

        OAuthBearerOptions = new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions();

        OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
        {
            TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/token"),
            Provider = new MyWebOAuthProvider(PublicClientId, UserManagerFactory),
            AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/login"),
            AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(14),
            AllowInsecureHttp = true
        };
    }

    public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
    {         
        // Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
        app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);
        app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
        {
            AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie,
            LoginPath = new PathString("/api/login")
        });

        // Configure Web API to use only bearer token authentication.
        var config = GlobalConfiguration.Configuration;            
        config.SuppressDefaultHostAuthentication();
        config.Filters.Add(new HostAuthenticationFilter(OAuthBearerOptions.AuthenticationType));

        app.UseWebApi(config);                          
    }
}

我的身份用户 只需添加一个额外的属性:

public class MyIdentityUser : IdentityUser
{
    public int SecurityLevel { get; set; }
}

我的用户管理器 将我的自定义用户身份验证方法调用到内部服务器:

public class MyUserManager : UserManager<MyIdentityUser>
{
    public MyUserManager(IUserStore<MyIdentityUser> store) : base(store) { }

    public MyIdentityUser ValidateUser(int id, string pwd)
    {
        LoginIdentityUser user = null;

        if (MyApplication.ValidateUser(id, pwd))
        {
            // user = ??? - not yet implemented
        }

        return user;
    }
}   

MyWebOAuthProvider (我从 SPA 模板中获取了这个。只有 GrantResourceOwnerCredentials 已更改):

public class MyWebOAuthProvider : OAuthAuthorizationServerProvider
{
    private readonly string _publicClientId;
    private readonly Func<MyUserManager> _userManagerFactory;

    public MyWebOAuthProvider(string publicClientId, Func<MyUserManager> userManagerFactory)
    {
        if (publicClientId == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("publicClientId");
        }

        if (userManagerFactory == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("userManagerFactory");
        }

        _publicClientId = publicClientId;
        _userManagerFactory = userManagerFactory;
    }

    public override async Task GrantResourceOwnerCredentials(OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext context)
    {
        using (MyUserManager userManager = _userManagerFactory())
        {
            MyIdentityUser user = null;
            var ctx = context as MyWebOAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext;

            if (ctx != null)
            {
                user = userManager.ValidateUser(ctx.Id, ctx.Pwd);
            }                

            if (user == null)
            {
                context.SetError("invalid_grant", "The user name or password is incorrect.");
                return;
            }

            ClaimsIdentity oAuthIdentity = await userManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user,
                context.Options.AuthenticationType);
            ClaimsIdentity cookiesIdentity = await userManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user,
                CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationType);
            AuthenticationProperties properties = CreateProperties(user.UserName);
            AuthenticationTicket ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(oAuthIdentity, properties);
            context.Validated(ticket);
            context.Request.Context.Authentication.SignIn(cookiesIdentity);
        }
    }

    public override Task TokenEndpoint(OAuthTokenEndpointContext context)
    {
        ...  // unchanged from SPA template
    }

    public override Task ValidateClientAuthentication(OAuthValidateClientAuthenticationContext context)
    {
        ...  // unchanged from SPA template
    }

    public override Task ValidateClientRedirectUri(OAuthValidateClientRedirectUriContext context)
    {
        ...  // unchanged from SPA template
    }

    public static AuthenticationProperties CreateProperties(string userName)
    {
        ...  // unchanged from SPA template
    }
}

MyWebOAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext :

public class MyWebOAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext : OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext
{
    public MyWebOAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext (IOwinContext context, OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions options, string clientId, string userName, string password, IList<string> scope)
        : base(context, options, clientId, userName, password, scope)
    { }

    public int Id { get; set; }        
    public string Pwd { get; set; }
}

怎么样访问 token 格式 放？我设置的是否正确？我没有针对任何外部服务进行身份验证，只是对旧的内部服务器进行身份验证。
谢谢。

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题——这与我在 Startup() 中的初始化有关。

像您一样，我将 OAuthBearerOptions 存储在静态字段中:

OAuthBearerOptions = new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions();

但是后来我错误地使用了同一类的新实例:

app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions());  // wrong!

显然，解决方法是改用静态字段:

app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(OAuthBearerOptions);

事实上，看起来你根本没有调用 UseOAuthBearerAuthentication() 。我关注了这个 excellent series of posts泰瑟尔·朱德 (Taiseer Joudeh)。

完整的 Startup.cs:

public class Startup
{
    public static OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions OAuthBearerOptions { get; private set; }

    public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
    {
        HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();

        ConfigureOAuth(app);

        WebApiConfig.Register(config);
        app.UseCors(Microsoft.Owin.Cors.CorsOptions.AllowAll);
        app.UseWebApi(config);
    }

    public void ConfigureOAuth(IAppBuilder app)
    {
        //use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
        app.UseExternalSignInCookie(Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);
        OAuthBearerOptions = new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions();

        OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions OAuthServerOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions() {

            AllowInsecureHttp = true,
            TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/token"),
            AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(1),
            Provider = new SimpleAuthorizationServerProvider()  // see post
        };

        // Token Generation
        app.UseOAuthAuthorizationServer(OAuthServerOptions);
        app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(OAuthBearerOptions);

        //[Configure External Logins...]
    }
}