multithreading - 多线程:chromedriver无法在第二个窗口中打开url

Question

线程函数中的Java代码:

    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/usr/bin/chromedriver");
    ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
    chromeOptions.addArguments("--no-sandbox");
    chromeOptions.addArguments("--user-data-dir="+config.chromeUserDir);
    chromeOptions.addArguments("--profile-directory="+profile);
    chromeOptions.addArguments("--start-maximized");
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
    driver.get("https://www.google.com");

并创建对象并使用以下代码在线程中启动

    Driver d1 = new Driver(profile);
    d1.start();

    Driver d2 = new Driver(profile1);
    d1.start();

已经创建了两个不同的配置文件，代码在单线程中运行良好，但在多线程中无法在两个单独的窗口中打开Goog​​le网站。它说，

Starting ChromeDriver 2.42.591071 (0b695ff80972cc1a65a5cd643186d2ae582cd4ac) on port 25692
Only local connections are allowed.
Starting ChromeDriver 2.42.591071 (0b695ff80972cc1a65a5cd643186d2ae582cd4ac) on port 25954
Only local connections are allowed.
Oct 14, 2018 2:10:46 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFO: Detected dialect: OSS
Oct 14, 2018 2:10:46 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFO: Detected dialect: OSS
Created new window in existing browser session.

并且它仅在一个窗口中打开google。由其他线程打开的窗口保持空闲状态。谁能帮忙吗？

Answer 1

问题分析

即使您尝试按两个配置文件顺序运行chrome驱动程序而不退出驱动程序，也可以重现此问题。

    ChromeOptions chromeOptions1 = new ChromeOptions();
    chromeOptions1.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:/Users/My UserName/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/Default");
    chromeOptions1.addArguments("--profile-directory=Profile 1");
    WebDriver driver1 = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions1);
    driver1.get("https://www.google.com");

    ChromeOptions chromeOptions2 = new ChromeOptions();
    chromeOptions2.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:/Users/My UserName/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/Default");
    chromeOptions2.addArguments("--profile-directory=Profile 2");
    WebDriver driver2 = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions2);

运行第一实例时，浏览器将启动，并且将进入页面。运行第二个实例浏览器时，它将启动，但该页面将无法打开。 driver.get()行失败，第二个实例出现以下异常

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException: invalid session id
  (Driver info: chromedriver=70.0.3538.16 (16ed95b41bb05e565b11fb66ac33c660b721f778),platform=Windows NT 10.0.17134 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 2.99 seconds
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Capabilities [{message=unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=70.0.3538.16 (16ed95b41bb05e565b11fb66ac33c660b721f778),platform=Windows NT 10.0.17134 x86_64), platform=ANY}]

当第一个实例启动时，用户数据目录被锁定，而第二个实例由于用户数据目录正在使用中而出现错误。

我们可以通过手动使用一个配置文件手动打开一个chrome实例，然后尝试使用chrome驱动程序尝试使用其他配置文件打开另一个chrome实例来模拟此问题。

解决方案

我们必须为每个配置文件使用不同的用户数据目录。我们无需在chrome浏览器中手动创建配置文件，也无需在chrome选项中提供 --profile-directory参数。但是您可以通过为每个chrome驱动程序实例提及不同的user-data-dir路径来维护 session 和历史记录

ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:/ChromeProfiles/FirstProfile"); // Custom directory path for first profile
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
driver.get("https://www.google.com");

ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:/ChromeProfiles/SecondProfile"); // Custom directory path second profile
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
driver.get("https://www.google.com");

这将在您要查找的两个配置文件中维护 session 和历史记录。

多线程也可以正常工作。

class Driver extends Thread {
    private String profile;
    public Driver(String profile){
        this.profile=profile;
    }
    public void run()
    {
        System.out.println ("Thread " +
                    Thread.currentThread().getId() +
                    " is running");
        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--no-sandbox");
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:/ChromeProfiles/"+profile);
//        chromeOptions.addArguments("--profile-directory="+profile);
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--start-maximized");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
        driver.get("https://www.google.com");

    }
}

public class MultiThreadDriver
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        ChromeDriverManager.getInstance().setup();
        Driver object = new Driver("First Profile");
        object.start();
        Driver object1 = new Driver("Second Profile");
        object1.start();
    }
}