autohotkey - 每次目标窗口在 AutoHotkey 中激活时如何激活功能

Question

我想在每次切换到特定程序时激活声音配置文件，并在每次离开时更改回默认配置文件。
此操作在 GUI 中通过单选按钮打开。

我创建的解决方法是:

Auto_Ftsps:
    gui, Submit, NoHide
    While (Rad3==1)
    {
        Previous_window:= WinActive("A")
        Sleep,1000
        Current_window:= WinActive("A")
        If (Previous_window =Current_window)
            {}
        Else If (Previous_window !=Current_window) 
        {
            If(WinActive("Fortnite"))
                Run_Peace_Profile("Ftsps")
            Else 
                Run_Peace_Profile("Graphic EQ")
        }
        Sleep,2000
    }
    return

有一个更好的方法吗？我查看了论坛和教程，但没有成功。

Answer 1

OnWin.ahk 与您的方法有些相似；它使用 SetTimer 定期检查您向其注册的事件，因此与您的方法不同，它在 AHK 线程方面是异步的。不要引用我的话，但我在内部认为 WinWaitActive 也是类似的。

然而，还有另一种方法不涉及定期检查事件窗口，而是允许我们对 Windows 的“事件窗口更改”事件使用react - 外壳 Hook 。通常为 SetWindowsHookEx 与 WH_SHELL将用于此，但我认为它甚至不可能单独与 AHK 一起使用(你必须制作一个 DLL)，而且把一切都做好有点复杂。幸运的是有 RegisterShellHookWindow ，它允许我们以 Windows 消息的形式接收 shell 事件，而不是将 DLL 注入(inject)其他线程。然后我们可以使用 AHK 的 OnMessage 对这些消息使用react，在您的情况下，这意味着具有测试 wParam 的功能正在 HSHELL_WINDOWACTIVATED或 HSHELL_RUDEAPPACTIVATED (即第 3 位已设置)并相应地更改声音配置文件。至于打开/关闭此功能，我们可以让单选按钮的 g-label 包含用于控制是否要通过 (De)RegisterShellHookWindow 接收 shell 消息的逻辑。 .

#SingleInstance Force

Gui +AlwaysOnTop +HwndhWnd
Gui Add, Text,, Automatic sound profile change
Gui Add, Radio, gHookRadioHandler Checked, On
Gui Add, Radio, gHookRadioHandler X+, Off
Gui Font,, Consolas
Gui Add, Edit, HwndhLog xm w800 r30 ReadOnly -Wrap -WantReturn

ftspsActive := false

; Get the dynamic identifier for shell messages and assign our callback to handle these messages
SHELL_MSG := DllCall("RegisterWindowMessage", "Str", "SHELLHOOK", "UInt")
OnMessage(SHELL_MSG, Func("ShellCallback"))

if (!SetHook(true)) {
    GuiControl,, Off, 1
}

Gui Show


GuiClose() {
    ExitApp
}

; Dummy implementation that logs the changes to an edit control for demonstration purposes
Run_Peace_Profile(profile) {
    Println("Switched to " profile)
}

; Sets whether the shell hook is registered
SetHook(state) {
    global hWnd
    static shellHookInstalled := false
    if (!shellHookInstalled and state) {
        if (!DllCall("RegisterShellHookWindow", "Ptr", hWnd)) {
            Println("Failed to register shell hook")
            return false
        }
        Println("Registered shell hook")
        shellHookInstalled := true
    }
    else if (shellHookInstalled and !state) {
        if (!DllCall("DeregisterShellHookWindow", "Ptr", hWnd)) {
            Println("Failed to deregister shell hook")
            return false
        }
        Println("Deregistered shell hook")
        shellHookInstalled := false
    }

    return true
}

; Radio button handler that controls registration of the sound profile hook
HookRadioHandler() {
    state := A_GuiControl == "On"
    if (!SetHook(state)) {
        GuiControl,, % (state ? "Off" : "On"), 1
    }
}

; Shell messages callback
ShellCallback(wParam, lParam) {
    ; HSHELL_WINDOWACTIVATED = 4, HSHELL_RUDEAPPACTIVATED = 0x8004
    if (wParam & 4) {
        ; lParam = hWnd of activated window
        global ftspsActive
        WinGet fnHWnd, ID, Fortnite

        WinGetTitle t, ahk_id %lParam%
        Println("active window: " t)

        if (!ftspsActive and fnHWnd = lParam) {
            Run_Peace_Profile("Ftsps")
            ftspsActive := true
        }
        else if (ftspsActive and fnHWnd != lParam) {
            Run_Peace_Profile("Graphic EQ")
            ftspsActive := false
        }
    }
}

; Prints a line to the logging edit box
Println(s) {
    global hLog
    static MAX_LINES := 1000, LINE_ADJUST := 200, nLines := 0
    ; EM_SETSEL = 0xB1, EM_REPLACESEL = 0xC2, EM_LINEINDEX = 0xBB
    if (nLines = MAX_LINES) {
        ; Delete the oldest LINE_ADJUST lines
        SendMessage 0xBB, LINE_ADJUST,,, ahk_id %hLog%
        SendMessage 0xB1, 0, ErrorLevel,, ahk_id %hLog%
        SendMessage 0xC2, 0, 0,, ahk_id %hLog%
        nLines -= LINE_ADJUST
    }
    ++nLines
    ; Move to the end by selecting all and deselecting
    SendMessage 0xB1, 0, -1,, ahk_id %hLog%
    SendMessage 0xB1, -1, -1,, ahk_id %hLog%
    ; Add the line
    str := "[" A_Hour ":" A_Min "] " s "`r`n"
    SendMessage 0xC2, 0, &str,, ahk_id %hLog%
}

请注意，我以编辑控件的形式添加了一些反馈消息，以便该脚本可以用作小型独立演示。

这种方法的一个可能的缺点来自 RegisterShellHookWindow 的顶部。文档:

This function is not intended for general use. It may be altered or unavailable in subsequent versions of Windows.

此外，我不知道什么是“粗鲁的应用程序”，也不知道为什么它们有自己的常数。 This question说它与全屏应用程序有关，但提问者和我收到 HSHELL_RUDEAPPACTIVATED对于似乎每个程序。

作为替代方案，还有 SetWinEventHook , 可以用 EVENT_SYSTEM_FOREGROUND 调用和 WINEVENT_OUTOFCONTEXT安装来自 AHK 的回调，每次前景窗口更改时都会调用该回调。请注意，与 RegisterShellHookWindow 不同，这将在子窗口进入前台时调用。方法。

#SingleInstance Force

Gui +AlwaysOnTop
Gui Add, Text,, Automatic sound profile change
Gui Add, Radio, gHookRadioHandler Checked, On
Gui Add, Radio, gHookRadioHandler X+, Off
Gui Font,, Consolas
Gui Add, Edit, HwndhLog xm w800 r30 ReadOnly -Wrap -WantReturn

ftspsActive := false

fcAddr := RegisterCallback(Func("FgCallback"))

if (!SetHook(true)) {
    GuiControl,, Off, 1
}

Gui Show


GuiClose() {
    ExitApp
}

; Dummy implementation that logs the changes to an edit control for demonstration purposes
Run_Peace_Profile(profile) {
    Println("Switched to " profile)
}

; Sets whether the foreground hook is installed
SetHook(state) {
    global fcAddr
    static hook, fgHookInstalled := false

    if (!fgHookInstalled and state) {
        ; EVENT_SYSTEM_FOREGROUND = 3, WINEVENT_OUTOFCONTEXT = 0
        hook := DllCall("SetWinEventHook", "UInt", 3, "UInt", 3, "Ptr", 0, "Ptr", fcAddr, "Int", 0, "Int", 0, "UInt", 0, "Ptr")
        if (!hook) {
            Println("Failed to set foreground hook")
            return false
        }
        Println("Set foreground hook")
        fgHookInstalled := true
    }
    else if (fgHookInstalled and !state) {
        if (!DllCall("UnhookWinEvent", "Ptr", hook)) {
            Println("Failed to unset foreground hook")
            return false
        }
        Println("Unset foreground hook")
        fgHookInstalled := false
    }

    return true
}

; Radio button handler that controls installation of the sound profile hook
HookRadioHandler() {
    state := A_GuiControl == "On"
    if (!SetHook(state)) {
        GuiControl,, % (state ? "Off" : "On"), 1
    }
}

; Foreground window change callback
FgCallback(hWinEventHook, event, hWnd, idObject, idChild, dwEventThread, dwmsEventTime) {
    global ftspsActive
    WinGet fnHWnd, ID, Fortnite

    WinGetTitle t, ahk_id %hWnd%
    Println("fg window: " t)

    if (!ftspsActive and fnHWnd = hWnd) {
        Run_Peace_Profile("Ftsps")
        ftspsActive := true
    }
    else if (ftspsActive and fnHWnd != hWnd) {
        Run_Peace_Profile("Graphic EQ")
        ftspsActive := false
    }
}

; Prints a line to the logging edit box
Println(s) {
    global hLog
    static MAX_LINES := 1000, LINE_ADJUST := 200, nLines := 0
    ; EM_SETSEL = 0xB1, EM_REPLACESEL = 0xC2, EM_LINEINDEX = 0xBB
    if (nLines = MAX_LINES) {
        ; Delete the oldest LINE_ADJUST lines
        SendMessage 0xBB, LINE_ADJUST,,, ahk_id %hLog%
        SendMessage 0xB1, 0, ErrorLevel,, ahk_id %hLog%
        SendMessage 0xC2, 0, 0,, ahk_id %hLog%
        nLines -= LINE_ADJUST
    }
    ++nLines
    ; Move to the end by selecting all and deselecting
    SendMessage 0xB1, 0, -1,, ahk_id %hLog%
    SendMessage 0xB1, -1, -1,, ahk_id %hLog%
    ; Add the line
    str := "[" A_Hour ":" A_Min "] " s "`r`n"
    SendMessage 0xC2, 0, &str,, ahk_id %hLog%
}