python - 分组一些线程函数Python

Question

我有一些功能，希望它们位于不同的线程组中。就是说，我希望这些不同的线程组一个接一个地运行。我的示例代码如下:

import threading
from threading import Thread

def func_a():
    # do something here


def func_b():
    # do something here

def func_c():
    # do something here

def func_d():
    # do something here

thread_a = threading.Thread(target = func_a)
thread_b = threading.Thread(target = func_b)
thread_c = threading.Thread(target = func_c)
thread_d = threading.Thread(target = func_d)

thread_a.start()
thread_b.start()
thread_c.start()
thread_d.start()

thread_a.join()
thread_b.join()
thread_c.join()
thread_d.join()

我想做的非常简单:将 func_a和 func_b放入 threading_group_a，还将 func_c和 func_d放入 threading_group_b。然后先执行 threading_group_a，然后执行 threading_group_b。

Answer 1

有两个问题需要考虑:

线程分组

流量控制

您可以手动使用 list或 tuple来对参数和线程本身进行分组，并手动控制流程:

from threading import Thread

# Functions for group 1: with no arguments and different fucntions
def func_a():
    print(1)

def func_b():
    print(1)

# Functions for group 2: with a single function but different arguments
def func_c(i):
    print(i)

# Functions for group 3: with different functions and arguments
def func_d(i):
    print(i)

def func_e(i):
    print(i)

funs_1 = (func_a, func_b)
args_2 = ((2,), (2,))
funs_3 = (func_d, func_e)
args_3 = ((3,), (3,))

threads_1 = tuple(Thread(target=func             ) for func in funs_1)
threads_2 = tuple(Thread(target=func_c, args=args) for args in args_2)
threads_3 = tuple(Thread(target=func,   args=args) for func, args in zip(funs_3, args_3))

for thread in threads_1:
    thread.start()

for thread in threads_1:
    thread.join()

for thread in threads_2:
    thread.start()

for thread in threads_2:
    thread.join()

for thread in threads_3:
    thread.start()

for thread in threads_3:
    thread.join()

或使用池，它允许您指定可以启动的并发线程的数量，并且该控件也将被处理:

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

# Functions for group 1: with no arguments and different fucntions
def func_a():
    print(1)

def func_b():
    print(1)

# Functions for group 2: with a single function but different arguments
def func_c(i):
    print(i)

# Functions for group 3: with different functions and arguments
def func_d(i):
    print(i)

def func_e(i):
    print(i)

funs_1 = (func_a, func_b)
args_2 = ((2,), (2,))
funs_3 = (func_d, func_e)
args_3 = ((3,), (3,))

with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as pool:
    futures_1 = tuple(pool.submit(func) for func in funs_1)

with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as pool:
    futures_2 = tuple(pool.submit(func_c, *args) for args in args_2)

with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as pool:
    futures_3 = tuple(pool.submit(func, *args) for func, args in zip(funs_3, args_3))

with语句可确保池在退出之前将完成所有任务。您只需要调用 ThreadPoolExecutor实例方法 submit()作为等效的 target关键字参数的第一个参数，其余位置参数和关键字参数将传递给函数，例如 args中的 kwargs和 Thread关键字参数。 concurrent.futures在Python3的标准库中，并且已移植到Python 2.5+，您可能需要执行 sudo pip install futures。