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c# - 在多线程C#应用程序中使用互操作的Excel文件操作失败

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-12-03 12:55:31 25 4
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我有一个可以自动执行一些文件相关作业的应用程序。每个作业都在单独的线程中执行。一种工作是将Excel文件导出为HTML格式。为此,我使用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel命名空间。我的应用程序在Windows Server 2008环境下运行良好,但是我们将服务器升级到Windows Server 2012,然后开始出现以下错误:

The message filter indicated that the application is busy. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8001010A (RPC_E_SERVERCALL_RETRYLATER))



事情是第一次调用导出功能成功将Excel文件导出到HTML,但是连续调用失败并出现上述错误。我确保关闭并完成所有与Excel相关的对象,并从任务管理器中检查excel.exe不能正常运行,但没有运气。

如果发生此错误,我将使用以下代码重试,但它会不断获取异常,并在5次重试后失败
while (!success)
{
try
{
ExportExcel();
success = true;
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
catch (System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException loE)
{
tryCount++;
if (loE.HResult.ToString("X") == "80010001" || loE.HResult.ToString("X") == "8001010A" && tryCount<5)
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
}

我怀疑这可能与某些线程错误有关,但我无法给出答案。任何见解都会有所帮助。

谢谢乔指出正确的方法:

我最终使用了包含以下链接的混合解决方案:
http://blogs.artinsoft.net/Mrojas/archive/2012/09/28/Office-Interop-and-Call-was-rejected-by-callee.aspx

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/pfxteam/archive/2010/04/07/9990421.aspx

因此,我使用了以下内容:
StaTaskScheduler cts=new StaTaskScheduler(1);
TaskFactory factory;
factory = new TaskFactory(cts);
Task jobRunTask = factory.StartNew(() =>
{
MessageFilter.Register();
ExcelInteropFunction();
MessageFilter.Revove();
});

最佳答案

我相信Excel对象模型是单元线程的,因此来自您多个线程的调用将被编码到Excel进程中的同一线程中-这可能很忙,尤其是在有多个客户端线程的情况下。

您可以实现IMessageFilter(OLE消息过滤器,不要与System.Windows.Forms.IMessageFilter混淆)以提供自定义重试逻辑。

您的服务器升级可能已经更改了时间特性,因此该问题更加频繁地发生。

更新

这是OLE消息筛选器的示例基本实现:

    // Definition of the IMessageFilter interface which we need to implement and 
// register with the CoRegisterMessageFilter API.
[ComImport(), Guid("00000016-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"), InterfaceTypeAttribute(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
interface IOleMessageFilter // Renamed to avoid confusion w/ System.Windows.Forms.IMessageFilter
{
[PreserveSig]
int HandleInComingCall(int dwCallType, IntPtr hTaskCaller, int dwTickCount, IntPtr lpInterfaceInfo);
[PreserveSig]
int RetryRejectedCall(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwRejectType);
[PreserveSig]
int MessagePending(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwPendingType);
}

internal sealed class OleMessageFilter : IOleMessageFilter, IDisposable
{
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern int CoRegisterMessageFilter(IOleMessageFilter newFilter, out IOleMessageFilter oldFilter);

private bool _isRegistered;
private IOleMessageFilter _oldFilter;

public OleMessageFilter()
{
Register();
}

private void Register()
{
// CoRegisterMessageFilter is only supported on an STA thread. This will throw an exception
// if we can't switch to STA
Thread.CurrentThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);

int result = CoRegisterMessageFilter(this, out _oldFilter);
if (result != 0)
{
throw new COMException("CoRegisterMessageFilter failed", result);
}
_isRegistered = true;
}

private void Revoke()
{
if (_isRegistered)
{
IOleMessageFilter revokedFilter;
CoRegisterMessageFilter(_oldFilter, out revokedFilter);
_oldFilter = null;
_isRegistered = false;
}
}

#region IDisposable Members

private void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
// Dispose managed resources
}
// Dispose unmanaged resources
Revoke();
}

void IDisposable.Dispose()
{
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
Dispose(true);
}

~OleMessageFilter()
{
Dispose(false);
}

#endregion

#region IOleMessageFilter Members

int IOleMessageFilter.HandleInComingCall(int dwCallType, IntPtr hTaskCaller, int dwTickCount, IntPtr lpInterfaceInfo)
{
return 0; //SERVERCALL_ISHANDLED
}

int IOleMessageFilter.RetryRejectedCall(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwRejectType)
{
if (dwRejectType == 2) // SERVERCALL_RETRYLATER
{
return 200; // wait 200ms and try again
}

return -1; // cancel call
}

int IOleMessageFilter.MessagePending(IntPtr hTaskCallee, int dwTickCount, int dwPendingType)
{
return 2; //PENDINGMSG_WAITDEFPROCESS
}
#endregion
}

您还可以查看 this sample,尽管它显示提示询问用户是否要重试,但如果您的客户端是多线程且基于服务器的,则可能不合适。

关于c# - 在多线程C#应用程序中使用互操作的Excel文件操作失败,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30561541/

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