linux - Electron - 如何在 Linux 上创建深层链接

Question

我有一个 ElectronJS 项目，我在这个项目中使用协议(protocol)(深层链接)。它适用于 MacOS 和 Windows，但在 Linux 上我无法理解如何创建此协议(protocol)。

我已经查看了 ElectronJS 文档以及网络上的问题等，但我无法弄清楚如何在 Linux 上初始化协议(protocol)。正如我在 MacOS 和 Windows 上取得的成功一样，我想要的只是实现一种在深层链接中与应用程序交互的协议(protocol)。

适用于 MacOS 和 Windows 的代码:

// main.ts

// –– B ––– PROTOCOL HANDLER –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

ProtocolUtils.setDefaultProtocolClient();

// eslint-disable-next-line default-case
switch (process.platform) {
    case 'darwin':
        ProtocolUtils.setProtocolHandlerOSX();
        break;
    case 'win32':
        ProtocolUtils.setProtocolHandlerWin32();
        break;
}
// –– E ––– PROTOCOL HANDLER –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

// protocol.ts

export abstract class ProtocolUtils {
    /**
     * @description Create default protocole for call this app.
     *  Ex : in your browser => myapp://test
     */
    public static setDefaultProtocolClient(): void {
        if (!app.isDefaultProtocolClient('myapp')) {
            // Define custom protocol handler.
            // Deep linking works on packaged versions of the application!
            app.setAsDefaultProtocolClient('myapp');
        }
    }

    /**
     * @description Create logic (WIN32) for open url from protocol
     */
    public static setProtocolHandlerWin32(): void {
        // Force Single Instance Application on win32
        const gotTheLock = app.requestSingleInstanceLock();

        app.on('second-instance', (e: Electron.Event, argv: string[]) => {
            // Someone tried to run a second instance, we should focus our window.
            if (MainWindow.mainWindow) {
                if (MainWindow.mainWindow.isMinimized()) MainWindow.mainWindow.restore();
                MainWindow.mainWindow.focus();
            } else {
                MainWindow.openMainWindow(); // Open main windows
            }

            app.whenReady().then(() => {
                MainWindow.mainWindow.loadURL(this._getDeepLinkUrlForWin32(argv)); // Load URL in WebApp
            });
        });

        if (gotTheLock) {
            app.whenReady().then(() => {
                MainWindow.openMainWindow(); // Open main windows
                MainWindow.mainWindow.loadURL(this._getDeepLinkUrlForWin32()); // Load URL in WebApp
            });
        } else {
            app.quit();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @description Create logic (OSX) for open url from protocol
     */
    public static setProtocolHandlerOSX(): void {
        app.on('open-url', (event: Electron.Event, url: string) => {
            event.preventDefault();
            app.whenReady().then(() => {
                MainWindow.openMainWindow(); // Open main windows
                MainWindow.mainWindow.loadURL(this._getUrlToLoad(url)); // Load URL in WebApp
            });
        });
    }

    /**
     * @description Format url to load in mainWindow
     */
    private static _getUrlToLoad(url: string): string {
        // Ex: url = myapp://deep-link/test?params1=paramValue
        // Ex: Split for remove myapp:// and get deep-link/test?params1=paramValue
        const urlSplitted = url.split('//');
        // Generate URL to load in WebApp.
        // Ex: file://path/index.html#deep-link/test?params1=paramValue
        const urlToLoad = format({
            pathname: Env.BUILDED_WEBAPP_INDEX_PATH,
            protocol: 'file:',
            slashes: true,
            hash: `#${urlSplitted[1]}`,
        });

        return urlToLoad;
    }

    /**
    * @description Resolve deep link url for windows from process argv
    */
    private static _getDeepLinkUrlForWin32(argv?: string[]): string {
        let url: string;
        const newArgv: string[] = !isNil(argv) ? argv : process.argv;
        // Protocol handler for win32
        // argv: An array of the second instance’s (command line / deep linked) arguments
        if (process.platform === 'win32') {
            // Get url form precess.argv
            newArgv.forEach((arg) => {
                if (/myapp:\/\//.test(arg)) {
                    url = arg;
                }
            });

            if (!isNil(url)) {
                return this._getUrlToLoad(url); // Load URL in WebApp
            } else if (!isNil(argv) && isNil(url)) {
                throw new Error('URL is undefined');
            }
        }
    }
}

我不担心 macOS 和 windows，但在 linux 上，即使有以下行，该协议(protocol)也不存在:ProtocolUtils.setDefaultProtocolClient(); 负责创建 myapp:// 协议(protocol)...

当我运行这个命令时:xdg-open myapp://deep-link/test?toto=titi 一个错误告诉我这个协议(protocol)不存在

如果有人有一个例子让我在 Linux 上配置或者可以帮助我？

谢谢

Answer 1

好的，我已经找到解决方案了!

首先，我们删除了 electron-forge 并将其替换为 electron-builder(参见 doc)。

然后在阅读了大量关于 Linux 深度链接的文档之后，文档示例:

• Desktop file
• Specification of desktop entry
• Electron builder desktop file

我的解决方案是:

# electron-builder.yml
appId: com.myapp.myapp
productName: myapp
directories:
    output: out
linux:
    icon: src/assets/icons/app/icon@256x256.png
    category: Utility
    mimeTypes: [x-scheme-handler/myapp] # Define MimeType
    desktop:                            # Define desktop elem
        exec: myapp %u                  # Define Exec
    target:
        - target: deb
          arch:
              - x64

所以我在这里用我的协议(protocol)名称定义了 MimeType myapp 可以给出:

myapp://toto?foo=bar

并且在我的桌面文件中用 myapp %u 定义 Exec 因为 %u => 一个 URL。本地文件可以作为 file: URL 或文件路径传递。 (cf doc )

为了完成我的 main.ts 和 protocol.utils.ts:

// main.ts


// –– B ––– PROTOCOL HANDLER –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

ProtocolUtils.setDefaultProtocolClient();

switch (process.platform) {
    case 'darwin':
        ProtocolUtils.setProtocolHandlerOSX();
        break;
    case 'linux':
    case 'win32':
        ProtocolUtils.setProtocolHandlerWindowsLinux();
        break;
    default:
        throw new Error('Process platform is undefined');
}
// –– E ––– PROTOCOL HANDLER –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

// protocol.utils.ts

export abstract class ProtocolUtils {
    public static setDefaultProtocolClient(): void {
        if (!app.isDefaultProtocolClient('myapp')) {
            // Define custom protocol handler.
            // Deep linking works on packaged versions of the application!
            app.setAsDefaultProtocolClient('myapp');
        }
    }

    /**
     * @description Create logic (WIN32 and Linux) for open url from protocol
     */
    public static setProtocolHandlerWindowsLinux(): void {
        // Force Single Instance Application
        const gotTheLock = app.requestSingleInstanceLock();

        app.on('second-instance', (e: Electron.Event, argv: string[]) => {
            // Someone tried to run a second instance, we should focus our window.
            if (MainWindow.mainWindow) {
                if (MainWindow.mainWindow.isMinimized()) MainWindow.mainWindow.restore();
                MainWindow.mainWindow.focus();
            } else {
                // Open main windows
                MainWindow.openMainWindow();
            }

            app.whenReady().then(() => {
                MainWindow.mainWindow.loadURL(this._getDeepLinkUrl(argv));
            });
        });

        if (gotTheLock) {
            app.whenReady().then(() => {
                // Open main windows
                MainWindow.openMainWindow();
                MainWindow.mainWindow.loadURL(this._getDeepLinkUrl());
            });
        } else {
            app.quit();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @description Create logic (OSX) for open url from protocol
     */
    public static setProtocolHandlerOSX(): void {
        app.on('open-url', (event: Electron.Event, url: string) => {
            event.preventDefault();
            app.whenReady().then(() => {
                if (!isNil(url)) {
                    // Open main windows
                    MainWindow.openMainWindow();
                    MainWindow.mainWindow.loadURL(this._getUrlToLoad(url));
                } else {
                    this._logInMainWindow({ s: 'URL is undefined', isError: true });
                    throw new Error('URL is undefined');
                }
            });
        });
    }

    /**
     * @description Format url to load in mainWindow
     */
    private static _getUrlToLoad(url: string): string {
        // Ex: url = myapp://deep-link/test?params1=paramValue
        // Ex: Split for remove myapp:// and get deep-link/test?params1=paramValue
        const splittedUrl = url.split('//');
        // Generate URL to load in WebApp.
        // Ex: file://path/index.html#deep-link/test?params1=paramValue
        const urlToLoad = format({
            pathname: Env.BUILDED_APP_INDEX_PATH,
            protocol: 'file:',
            slashes: true,
            hash: `#${splittedUrl[1]}`,
        });

        return urlToLoad;
    }

    /**
    * @description Resolve deep link url for Win32 or Linux from process argv
    * @param argv: An array of the second instance’s (command line / deep linked) arguments
    */
    private static _getDeepLinkUrl(argv?: string[]): string {
        let url: string;
        const newArgv: string[] = !isNil(argv) ? argv : process.argv;
        // Protocol handler
        if (process.platform === 'win32' || process.platform === 'linux') {
            // Get url form precess.argv
            newArgv.forEach((arg) => {
                if (/myapp:\/\//.test(arg)) {
                    url = arg;
                }
            });

            if (!isNil(url)) {
                return this._getUrlToLoad(url);
            } else if (!isNil(argv) && isNil(url)) {
                this._logInMainWindow({ s: 'URL is undefined', isError: true });
                throw new Error('URL is undefined');
            }
        }
    }

这是工作 :D