python-3.x - Python 3套接字客户端未连接到服务器

Question

我有一个 server.py 和 client.py 对。当我在我的机器上运行服务器并打开多个终端运行客户端时，我可以正常连接。但是当我尝试在另一台计算机上运行客户端时，客户端永远不会连接到服务器。我很确定几个月前我在多台计算机上测试了这段代码，它运行良好(虽然可能我记错了)，但我想我更新了我的 python 版本，所以也许这就是为什么？如何更改下面的代码以使其正常工作？

服务器.py

import socket
from threading import Thread
import sys

clients = []

def recv(clientsocket):
    while True:
        msg = clientsocket.recv(1024) # wait for message from any of the clients.
        print("\n" + msg.decode())
        for c in clients: # send to all the clients.
            c.send(msg)

def send(clientsocket):
    while True:
        msg = "[Server] %s" % input("\n") # wait for input
        print(msg)
        for c in clients: # send to all the clients.
            c.send(msg.encode())
    clientsocket.close()

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)  # Create a socket object
host = socket.gethostname() # Get local machine name
#port = 3001                 # Reserve a port for your service.
port = int(input("Enter port: "))

print ('Server started at [%s]' % socket.gethostbyname(host))
print ('Waiting for clients...')

#s.bind((host, port))       # Bind to the port
s.bind((socket.gethostbyname(host), port))
s.listen(5)                 # Now wait for client connection.

while True:
    #Waits until someone new to accept
    c, addr = s.accept()
    print(addr, "connected.")
    clients.append(c)
    thread_recv = Thread(target=recv, args=((c,)))
    thread_recv.start()

    thread_send = Thread(target=send, args=((c,)))
    thread_send.start()


s.close()

客户端.py

import socket
from threading import Thread

hostname = input("Enter hostname/IP to connect to: ")
# port = 3001
port = int(input("Enter port: "))

clientsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
clientsocket.connect((hostname, port))

def recv():
    while True:
        print("\n" + clientsocket.recv(2048).decode())

def send(username):
    while True:
        msg = "[%s] %s" % (username, input(""))
        clientsocket.send(msg.encode()) # send message to the server.

username = input("Choose a username: ")
msg = "[%s has just connected]" % (username)
clientsocket.send(msg.encode())

thread_send = Thread(target=send, args=(username,))
thread_send.start()
thread_recv = Thread(target=recv, args=())
thread_recv.start()

while True:
    # keep the threads going.
    pass

编辑
每次我启动服务器，它都说我的ip地址是一样的:192.168.56.1。即使我已经关闭计算机并再次尝试。但是当我去谷歌问我的IP地址是什么时，情况就完全不同了。为什么socket一直选择192.168.56.1？它有什么特别之处吗？这与我的问题有关吗？

Answer 1

只需将您的服务器绑定(bind)到 0.0.0.0和 将其绑定(bind)到所有网络接口(interface) :

服务器.py

s.bind(('0.0.0.0', port))

然后是 server.py中的代码最终会是这样的:

    import socket
    from threading import Thread
    import sys

    clients = []

    def recv(clientsocket):
        while True:
            msg = clientsocket.recv(1024) # wait for message from any of the clients.
            print("\n" + msg.decode())
            for c in clients: # send to all the clients.
                c.send(msg)

    def send(clientsocket):
        while True:
            msg = "[Server] %s" % input("\n") # wait for input
            print(msg)
            for c in clients: # send to all the clients.
                c.send(msg.encode())
        clientsocket.close()

    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)  # Create a socket object
    host = socket.gethostname() # Get local machine name
    #port = 3001                 # Reserve a port for your service.
    port = int(input("Enter port: "))

    print ('Server started at [%s]' % socket.gethostbyname(host))
    print ('Waiting for clients...')

    #s.bind((host, port))       # Bind to the port
    s.bind(('0.0.0.0', port))
    s.listen(5)                 # Now wait for client connection.

    while True:
        #Waits until someone new to accept
        c, addr = s.accept()
        print(addr, "connected.")
        clients.append(c)
        thread_recv = Thread(target=recv, args=((c,)))
        thread_recv.start()

        thread_send = Thread(target=send, args=((c,)))
        thread_send.start()


    s.close()