Python/套接字 : How to send multi messages without waiting the respond?

Question

我想使用套接字模块发送多条消息，而无需等待客户端或服务器的响应。然而，下面的代码不能做到这一点。为了做到这一点，您有什么建议？提前致谢。

以下是代码:

服务器.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import socket

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.bind(("", 12345))
s.listen(1)
print(s)

c, addr = s.accept()
print('{} connected.'.format(addr))

while True:
    respond = input("Server: ").encode("utf-8")
    if respond == b"q":
        exit()
    else:
        c.sendall(bytes(respond))
        data = str(c.recv(1024))[1:]
        if data:
            print("Client: {}".format(data))

客户端.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import socket

s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect(("", 12345))

while True:
    respond = input("Client: ").encode("utf-8")
    if respond == b"q":
        exit()
    else:
        s.sendall(bytes(respond))
        data = str(s.recv(1024))[1:]
        if data:
            print("Server: {}".format(data))

Answer 1

好的，所以对于您想要实现的目标，您需要完全改变方法并使用 asyncio套接字方法的等价物以及裸标准输入处理的替代品。
以下代码适用于 Python >= 3.5 并且需要 aioconsole可以用pip install aioconsole安装的Python包.

服务器.py

import asyncio
import aioconsole


class StreamWrapper(object):
    """This class is used to make socket stream created by server available for send_messgaes() function"""

    def __init__(self):
        self.reader = None
        self.writer = None

async def send_messages(stream_wrapper, stdin):
    # Wait asynchronously until server part initializes socket stream
    while stream_wrapper.writer is None:
        await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
    writer = stream_wrapper.writer
    # Asynchronusly read from standard input
    async for message in stdin:
        if message.decode().strip() == "q":
            writer.close()
            exit()
        else:
            # Send message through the socket
            writer.write(message)


def receive_messages_wrapper(stream_wrapper, stdout):
    """Wrapper function which adds stream_wrapper and stdout to the scope of receive_messages()"""
    async def receive_messages(reader, writer):
        # Copy socket stream reference to stream wrapper
        stream_wrapper.reader = reader
        stream_wrapper.writer = writer
        # Asynchronusly read messages from the socket
        async for message in reader:
            stdout.write('\nClient: {}'.format(message.decode()))
            stdout.write("Server: ")
    # Wrapper returns receive_messages function with enhanced scope - receive_messages() can "see" stream_wrapper and stdout
    return receive_messages

async def run_server(loop):
    """Initialize stdin and stdout asynchronous streams and start the server"""
    stdin, stdout = await aioconsole.get_standard_streams()
    stream_wrapper = StreamWrapper()
    # Asynchronously execute send_messages and start_server()
    await asyncio.gather(
        send_messages(stream_wrapper, stdin),
        asyncio.start_server(receive_messages_wrapper(stream_wrapper, stdout), '127.0.0.1', 8888, loop=loop)
    )

# Run the server on the event loop
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(run_server(loop))
loop.close()

客户端.py

import asyncio
import aioconsole

async def send_messages(writer, stdin):
    # Asynchronusly read from standard input
    async for message in stdin:
        if message.decode().strip() == "q":
            writer.close()
            exit()
        else:
            # Send message through the socket
            writer.write(message)

async def receive_messages(reader, stdout):
    # Asynchronusly read messages from the socket
    async for message in reader:
        stdout.write('\nServer: {}'.format(message.decode()))
        stdout.write("Client: ")

async def run_client(loop):
    """Initialize stdin and stdout asynchronous streams and open the client connection, then start exchanging messages"""
    stdin, stdout = await aioconsole.get_standard_streams()
    reader, writer = await asyncio.open_connection('127.0.0.1', 8888)
    stdout.write("Client: ")
    # Asynchronously execute send_messages and receive_messages()
    await asyncio.gather(
        send_messages(writer, stdin),
        receive_messages(reader, stdout)
    )

# Run the client on the event loop
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(run_client(loop))
loop.close()

如果您从未使用过 asyncio，这可能看起来很复杂。以前，但它完全符合您的要求。您可以从任何一端(客户端或服务器)发送多条垃圾邮件，另一端将接收并打印，同时等待用户输入。我已经提供了评论，但如果您想完全理解它，您应该熟悉 asyncio documentation .
其他可能的方法涉及使用线程或多处理。我不会说它们比 asyncio 更容易。