kubernetes - 如何在 Kubernetes 集群中创建用户？

Question

我正在尝试在 Kubernetes 集群中创建一个用户。

我使用我的 Terraform 脚本在 DigitalOcean 上旋转了 2 个水滴。

然后我使用 ssh 登录主节点 droplet :

doctl compute ssh droplet1

在此之后，我在其中创建了一个新集群和一个命名空间:

kubectl create namespace thalasoft

我在 role-deployment-manager.yml 中创建了一个用户角色文件:

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  namespace: thalasoft
  name: deployment-manager
rules:
- apiGroups: ["", "extensions", "apps"]
  resources: ["deployments", "replicasets", "pods"]
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch", "delete"]

并执行命令:

kubectl create -f role-deployment-manager.yml

我在 rolebinding-deployment-manager.yml 中创建了一个角色授予文件:

kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: deployment-manager-binding
  namespace: thalasoft
subjects:
- kind: User
  name: stephane
  apiGroup: ""
roleRef:
  kind: Role
  name: deployment-manager
  apiGroup: ""

并执行命令:
kubectl create -f rolebinding-deployment-manager.yml

这是我的终端输出:

Last login: Wed Dec 19 10:48:48 2018 from 90.191.151.182
root@droplet1:~# kubectl create namespace thalasoft
namespace/thalasoft created
root@droplet1:~# vi role-deployment-manager.yml
root@droplet1:~# kubectl create -f role-deployment-manager.yml
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/deployment-manager created
root@droplet1:~# vi rolebinding-deployment-manager.yml
root@droplet1:~# kubectl create -f rolebinding-deployment-manager.yml
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/deployment-manager-binding created
root@droplet1:~# 

现在我想先在集群中创建一个用户，然后配置客户端 kubectl与此用户一起使用我的笔记本电脑进行操作并避免通过 ssh̀ 登录到液滴。

我知道我可以在 kubectl 中配置用户客户:

# Create a context, that is, a user against a namespace of a cluster, in the client configuration
kubectl config set-context digital-ocean-context --cluster=digital-ocean-cluster --namespace=digital-ocean-namespace --user=stephane

# Configure the client with a user credentials
cd;
kubectl config set-credentials stephane --client-certificate=.ssh/id_rsa.pub --client-key=.ssh/id_rsa

但这只是我理解的一些客户端配置。

更新:我可以使用 Kubernetes CA 签署的证书添加用户凭据，在托管 Kubernetes 主节点的 Droplet 上运行以下命令:

# Create a private key
openssl genrsa -out .ssh/thalasoft.key 4096
# Create a certificate signing request
openssl req -new -key .ssh/thalasoft.key -out .ssh/thalasoft.csr -subj "/CN=stephane/O=thalasoft"
# Sign the certificate
export CA_LOCATION=/etc/kubernetes/pki/
openssl x509 -req -in .ssh/thalasoft.csr -CA $CA_LOCATION/ca.crt -CAkey $CA_LOCATION/ca.key -CAcreateserial -out .ssh/thalasoft.crt -days 1024

# Configure a cluster in the client
kubectl config set-cluster digital-ocean-cluster --server=https://${MASTER_IP}:6443 --insecure-skip-tls-verify=true

# Configure a user in the client
# Copy the key and the certificate to the client
scp -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" root@165.227.171.72:.ssh/thalasoft.* .
# Configure the client with a user credentials
kubectl config set-credentials stephane --client-certificate=.ssh/thalasoft.crt  --client-key=.ssh/thalasoft.key
# Create a context, that is, a user against a namespace of a cluster, in the client configuration
kubectl config set-context digital-ocean-context --cluster=digital-ocean-cluster --namespace=digital-ocean-namespace --user=stephane

Answer 1

But this is only some client side configuration as I understand.

What command I should use to create the user ?

Kubernetes 不提供用户管理。这是通过可由您的集群 CA 签名的 x509 证书来处理的。
首先，您需要创建一个 key :

openssl genrsa -out my-user.key 4096

其次，您需要创建一个签名请求:

openssl req -new -key my-user.key -out my-user.csr -subj "/CN=my-user/O=my-organisation"

三、签署证书请求:

openssl x509 -req -in my-user.csr -CA CA_LOCATION/ca.crt -CAkey CA_LOCATION/ca.key -CAcreateserial -out my-user.crt -days 500

ca.crt和 ca.key与 kubeadm 提供的证书/ key 相同或在您的主配置中。
然后，您可以将此签名证书连同他们的 key 一起提供给您的用户，然后可以配置访问权限:

kubectl config set-credentials my-user --client-certificate=my-user.crt  --client-key=my-user.key
kubectl config set-context my-k8s-cluster --cluster=cluster-name --namespace=whatever --user=my-user

Bitnami 提供了一个很好的资源来解释所有这些:
https://docs.bitnami.com/kubernetes/how-to/configure-rbac-in-your-kubernetes-cluster/#use-case-1-create-user-with-limited-namespace-access