R将邮政编码或纬度/经度转换为县

Question

我有一个位置列表，其中包含每个位置的城市、州、 zip 、纬度和经度。

我另外有一份县级经济指标 list 。我玩过 zipcode包，ggmap package 和其他几个免费地理编码网站，包括美国地名文件，但似乎无法找到匹配这两部分的方法。

目前是否有任何软件包或其他来源可以做到这一点？

Answer 1

我最终使用了来自 JoshO'Brien 的建议上面提到并找到here .

我拿了他的代码改了state至 county如图所示:

library(sp)
library(maps)
library(maptools)

# The single argument to this function, pointsDF, is a data.frame in which:
#   - column 1 contains the longitude in degrees (negative in the US)
#   - column 2 contains the latitude in degrees

latlong2county <- function(pointsDF) {
    # Prepare SpatialPolygons object with one SpatialPolygon
    # per county
    counties <- map('county', fill=TRUE, col="transparent", plot=FALSE)
    IDs <- sapply(strsplit(counties$names, ":"), function(x) x[1])
    counties_sp <- map2SpatialPolygons(counties, IDs=IDs,
                     proj4string=CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84"))

    # Convert pointsDF to a SpatialPoints object 
    pointsSP <- SpatialPoints(pointsDF, 
                    proj4string=CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84"))

    # Use 'over' to get _indices_ of the Polygons object containing each point 
    indices <- over(pointsSP, counties_sp)

    # Return the county names of the Polygons object containing each point
    countyNames <- sapply(counties_sp@polygons, function(x) x@ID)
    countyNames[indices]
}

# Test the function using points in Wisconsin and Oregon.
testPoints <- data.frame(x = c(-90, -120), y = c(44, 44))

latlong2county(testPoints)
[1] "wisconsin,juneau" "oregon,crook" # IT WORKS