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python - 在没有管理员访问权限的情况下使用 Python 获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度 - Windows

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-12-03 11:04:29 30 4
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我发布了这个问题,询问如何在 Windows 10 上获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度:Get CPU and GPU Temp using Python Windows .对于那个问题,我没有包括没有管理员访问权限的限制(至少在我第一次发布答案时,以及在那之后的相当长一段时间内)。然后我修改了我的问题以使需要管理员访问权限的答案无效(这是唯一有效的答案)。一个模组回滚到我的问题的先前版本,并要求我发布一个新问题,所以我做到了。
我想知道是否有办法在 python 中获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度。我已经找到了一种适用于 Linux 的方法(使用 psutil.sensors_temperature ),我想找到一种适用于 Windows 的方法。
信息:
操作系统:Windows 10
Python:Python 3.8.3 64 位 (所以没有 32 位 DLL)
以下是我尝试过的一些东西:
当我尝试执行以下操作时,我得到 None (从这里 - https://stackoverflow.com/a/3264262/13710015 ):

import wmi
w = wmi.WMI()
prin(w.Win32_TemperatureProbe()[0].CurrentReading)
当我尝试执行以下操作时,我收到一个错误(从这里 - https://stackoverflow.com/a/3264262/13710015 ):
import wmi
w = wmi.WMI(namespace="root\wmi")
temperature_info = w.MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature()[0]
print(temperature_info.CurrentTemperature)
错误:
wmi.x_wmi: <x_wmi: Unexpected COM Error (-2147217396, 'OLE error 0x8004100c', None, None)>
当我尝试执行以下操作时,我得到了(从这里 - https://stackoverflow.com/a/58924992/13710015 ):
import ctypes
import ctypes.wintypes as wintypes
from ctypes import windll


LPDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD)
LPOVERLAPPED = wintypes.LPVOID
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES = wintypes.LPVOID

GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000
GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000
GENERIC_EXECUTE = 0x20000000
GENERIC_ALL = 0x10000000

FILE_SHARE_WRITE=0x00000004
ZERO=0x00000000

CREATE_NEW = 1
CREATE_ALWAYS = 2
OPEN_EXISTING = 3
OPEN_ALWAYS = 4
TRUNCATE_EXISTING = 5

FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080

INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1
FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN=0x00000022
METHOD_BUFFERED=0
FUNC=0x900
FILE_WRITE_ACCESS=0x002

NULL = 0
FALSE = wintypes.BOOL(0)
TRUE = wintypes.BOOL(1)


def CTL_CODE(DeviceType, Function, Method, Access): return (DeviceType << 16) | (Access << 14) | (Function <<2) | Method




def _CreateFile(filename, access, mode, creation, flags):
"""See: CreateFile function http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa363858(v=vs.85).asp """
CreateFile_Fn = windll.kernel32.CreateFileW
CreateFile_Fn.argtypes = [
wintypes.LPWSTR, # _In_ LPCTSTR lpFileName
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwDesiredAccess
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwShareMode
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, # _In_opt_ LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwCreationDisposition
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes
wintypes.HANDLE] # _In_opt_ HANDLE hTemplateFile
CreateFile_Fn.restype = wintypes.HANDLE

return wintypes.HANDLE(CreateFile_Fn(filename,
access,
mode,
NULL,
creation,
flags,
NULL))


handle=_CreateFile('\\\\\.\PhysicalDrive0',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)

def _DeviceIoControl(devhandle, ioctl, inbuf, inbufsiz, outbuf, outbufsiz):
"""See: DeviceIoControl function
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363216(v=vs.85).aspx
"""
DeviceIoControl_Fn = windll.kernel32.DeviceIoControl
DeviceIoControl_Fn.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE, # _In_ HANDLE hDevice
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD dwIoControlCode
wintypes.LPVOID, # _In_opt_ LPVOID lpInBuffer
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD nInBufferSize
wintypes.LPVOID, # _Out_opt_ LPVOID lpOutBuffer
wintypes.DWORD, # _In_ DWORD nOutBufferSize
LPDWORD, # _Out_opt_ LPDWORD lpBytesReturned
LPOVERLAPPED] # _Inout_opt_ LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped
DeviceIoControl_Fn.restype = wintypes.BOOL

# allocate a DWORD, and take its reference
dwBytesReturned = wintypes.DWORD(0)
lpBytesReturned = ctypes.byref(dwBytesReturned)

status = DeviceIoControl_Fn(devhandle,
ioctl,
inbuf,
inbufsiz,
outbuf,
outbufsiz,
lpBytesReturned,
NULL)

return status, dwBytesReturned

class OUTPUT_temp(ctypes.Structure):
"""See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363972(v=vs.85).aspx"""
_fields_ = [
('Board Temp', wintypes.DWORD),
('CPU Temp', wintypes.DWORD),
('Board Temp2', wintypes.DWORD),
('temp4', wintypes.DWORD),
('temp5', wintypes.DWORD)
]

class OUTPUT_volt(ctypes.Structure):
"""See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363972(v=vs.85).aspx"""
_fields_ = [
('VCore', wintypes.DWORD),
('V(in2)', wintypes.DWORD),
('3.3V', wintypes.DWORD),
('5.0V', wintypes.DWORD),
('temp5', wintypes.DWORD)
]

def get_temperature():
FUNC=0x900
outDict={}

ioclt=CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, FUNC, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)

handle=_CreateFile('\\\\\.\PhysicalDrive0',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)

win_list = OUTPUT_temp()
p_win_list = ctypes.pointer(win_list)
SIZE=ctypes.sizeof(OUTPUT_temp)


status, output = _DeviceIoControl(handle, ioclt , NULL, ZERO, p_win_list, SIZE)


for field, typ in win_list._fields_:
#print ('%s=%d' % (field, getattr(disk_geometry, field)))
outDict[field]=getattr(win_list,field)
return outDict

def get_voltages():
FUNC=0x901
outDict={}

ioclt=CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, FUNC, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)

handle=_CreateFile('\\\\\.\PhysicalDrive0',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)

win_list = OUTPUT_volt()
p_win_list = ctypes.pointer(win_list)
SIZE=ctypes.sizeof(OUTPUT_volt)


status, output = _DeviceIoControl(handle, ioclt , NULL, ZERO, p_win_list, SIZE)


for field, typ in win_list._fields_:
#print ('%s=%d' % (field, getattr(disk_geometry, field)))
outDict[field]=getattr(win_list,field)
return outDict

print(OUTPUT_temp._fields_)
输出:
[('Board Temp', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('CPU Temp', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('Board Temp2', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('temp4', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('temp5', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>)]
我试过这段代码,它工作,但它需要管理员(从这里 - https://stackoverflow.com/a/62936850/13710015):
import clr # the pythonnet module.
clr.AddReference(r'YourdllPath')
from OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware import Computer

c = Computer()
c.CPUEnabled = True # get the Info about CPU
c.GPUEnabled = True # get the Info about GPU
c.Open()
while True:
for a in range(0, len(c.Hardware[0].Sensors)):
# print(c.Hardware[0].Sensors[a].Identifier)
if "/intelcpu/0/temperature" in str(c.Hardware[0].Sensors[a].Identifier):
print(c.Hardware[0].Sensors[a].get_Value())
c.Hardware[0].Update()
我试过这段代码,但它也需要管理员(从这里 - https://stackoverflow.com/a/49909330/13710015):
import clr #package pythonnet, not clr


openhardwaremonitor_hwtypes = ['Mainboard','SuperIO','CPU','RAM','GpuNvidia','GpuAti','TBalancer','Heatmaster','HDD']
cputhermometer_hwtypes = ['Mainboard','SuperIO','CPU','GpuNvidia','GpuAti','TBalancer','Heatmaster','HDD']
openhardwaremonitor_sensortypes = ['Voltage','Clock','Temperature','Load','Fan','Flow','Control','Level','Factor','Power','Data','SmallData']
cputhermometer_sensortypes = ['Voltage','Clock','Temperature','Load','Fan','Flow','Control','Level']


def initialize_openhardwaremonitor():
file = 'OpenHardwareMonitorLib.dll'
clr.AddReference(file)

from OpenHardwareMonitor import Hardware

handle = Hardware.Computer()
handle.MainboardEnabled = True
handle.CPUEnabled = True
handle.RAMEnabled = True
handle.GPUEnabled = True
handle.HDDEnabled = True
handle.Open()
return handle

def initialize_cputhermometer():
file = 'CPUThermometerLib.dll'
clr.AddReference(file)

from CPUThermometer import Hardware
handle = Hardware.Computer()
handle.CPUEnabled = True
handle.Open()
return handle

def fetch_stats(handle):
for i in handle.Hardware:
i.Update()
for sensor in i.Sensors:
parse_sensor(sensor)
for j in i.SubHardware:
j.Update()
for subsensor in j.Sensors:
parse_sensor(subsensor)


def parse_sensor(sensor):
if sensor.Value is not None:
if type(sensor).__module__ == 'CPUThermometer.Hardware':
sensortypes = cputhermometer_sensortypes
hardwaretypes = cputhermometer_hwtypes
elif type(sensor).__module__ == 'OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware':
sensortypes = openhardwaremonitor_sensortypes
hardwaretypes = openhardwaremonitor_hwtypes
else:
return

if sensor.SensorType == sensortypes.index('Temperature'):
print(u"%s %s Temperature Sensor #%i %s - %s\u00B0C" % (hardwaretypes[sensor.Hardware.HardwareType], sensor.Hardware.Name, sensor.Index, sensor.Name, sensor.Value))

if __name__ == "__main__":
print("OpenHardwareMonitor:")
HardwareHandle = initialize_openhardwaremonitor()
fetch_stats(HardwareHandle)
print("\nCPUMonitor:")
CPUHandle = initialize_cputhermometer()
fetch_stats(CPUHandle)
我也可以在 Python、可移植命令行应用程序(将使用 subprocess.Popen 运行)、DLL 和命令(将使用 subprocess.Popen 运行)中使用 C/C++ 扩展。
不允许使用非可移植应用程序。

最佳答案

问题
非特权用户需要以安全的方式访问只有特权用户才能使用的功能。
解决方案
创建一个服务器-客户端接口(interface),其中功能与实际系统分离,以防止安全问题(即:不要直接从客户端通过管道传输命令或选项以供服务器执行)。
考虑将 gRPC 用于此服务器-客户端接口(interface)。如果您以前没有使用过 gRPC,这里有一个例子来说明它的含义:
创建 temperature.proto :

syntax = "proto3";

option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_package = "temperature";
option java_outer_classname = "TemperatureProto";
option objc_class_prefix = "TEMP";

package temperature;

service SystemTemperature {
rpc GetTemperature (TemperatureRequest) returns (TemperatureReply) {}
}

message TemperatureRequest {
string name = 1;
}

message TemperatureReply {
string message = 1;
}
protoc 编译上述内容来自 protobuf图书馆。
python -m grpc_tools.protoc --proto_path=. temperature.proto --python_out=. --grpc_python_out=.
这将生成一个名为 temperature_pb2_grpc.py 的文件,您将在其中定义 GetTemperature 的功能和响应,请注意,您可以根据从客户端传递的 TemperatureRequest 选项实现逻辑分支。
完成后,只需编写并运行 temperature_server.py来自您的特权用户和 temperature_client.py来自您的非特权用户。
引用
gRPC: https://grpc.io
gRPC 快速入门指南: https://grpc.io/docs/languages/ruby/quickstart/
protobuf: https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/

关于python - 在没有管理员访问权限的情况下使用 Python 获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度 - Windows,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64996339/

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