batch-file - 在批处理文件中使用 endlocal 设置变量，但这些变量在 setlocal/endlocal block 之外永远不可用

Question

我正在尝试设置 SETLOCAL 内部、FOR 循环内部和 IF 语句内部的变量的值。然而，它似乎永远不会奏效。我尝试在 ENDLOCAL 语句中使用 SET 语句，但这似乎并没有实际设置任何内容。之后回显变量仅回显原始设置值 0。

@ECHO off

SET pathsource=K:
SET sourcefile=0
SET counter=0

SETLOCAL enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion

REM Get the newest pptx file in the specified directory. Get the filename and last modified timestamp
FOR /f "tokens=1-3,5*" %%a IN ('dir ^"%pathsource%\*.pptx^" /a-d-h-s /o-d /tw ^| find /i ^".pptx^"') DO (
    REM echo !counter!

    REM only get the first row by using a counter
    IF !counter! EQU 0 (
        REM variables are: a-date, b-time, c-am/pm, d&e-filename
        ECHO %%a %%b %%c %%d %%e

        SET sourcefile=%%d %%e
    )

    SET /A counter+=1
)


ENDLOCAL & (
    SET "sourcefile=%sourcefile%"
)

ECHO %sourcefile%

REM do other stuff with the %sourcefile% variable after this

Answer 1

由于您在 Set/End Local 块中分配值，因此在 ENDLOCAL 上所做的任何更改都会被丢弃一次。命令已到达。

只需移动您的 SETLOCAL和 ENDLOCAL命令分别发送到脚本的顶部和底部。这将使整个脚本中的所有分配始终保持不变。

此外，您实际上并不需要计数器变量。处理完第一个文件后，您可以直接跳出循环:

@ECHO off
REM delayed expansion not needed for the portion shown
SETLOCAL enableextensions

SET pathsource=K:
SET sourcefile=0

REM Get the newest pptx file in the specified directory. Get the filename and last modified timestamp
FOR /f "tokens=1-3,5*" %%a IN ('dir ^"%pathsource%\*.pptx^" /a-d-h-s /o-d /tw ^| find /i ^".pptx^"') DO (
    REM variables are: a-date, b-time, c-am/pm, d&e-filename
    ECHO %%a %%b %%c %%d %%e

    SET sourcefile=%%d %%e

    REM We only care about the first row
    GOTO EndLoop
)

:EndLoop
ECHO %sourcefile%

REM do other stuff with the %sourcefile% variable after this

ENDLOCAL

最后一件事是您可以简单地使用您的 FOR使用 native 的语法 DIR和 FOR变量命令:

@ECHO off
REM delayed expansion not needed for the portion shown
SETLOCAL enableextensions

SET pathsource=K:
SET sourcefile=0

REM Get the newest pptx file in the specified directory. Get the filename and last modified timestamp
CD "%pathsource%\"
FOR /f "usebackq tokens=* delims=" %%a IN (`dir "%pathsource%\*.pptx" /a-d-h-s /o-d /tw /b`) DO (
    REM Use For loop variables.
    REM Print the date/time and file name.
    ECHO %%~ta %%~a

    SET sourcefile=%%~a

    REM We only care about the first row
    GOTO EndLoop
)

:EndLoop
ECHO %sourcefile%

REM do other stuff with the %sourcefile% variable after this

ENDLOCAL