python - PyOpenGL + PyGame 上的奇怪 "X"

Question

我正在尝试创建一个 PyOpenGL “ Hello World ”项目。我编写了一些代码，为我生成一个立方体并将其显示在屏幕上，问题是它没有显示立方体，而是显示了一个奇怪的平面 2D“X”。我几乎可以肯定问题出在我的 PyGame 设置上，因为我试图显示一条简单的行，但实际上，什么也没显示。
我不知道这是不是有用的信息，但我的操作系统是 Linux - 流行!_os .
完整代码: https://github.com/caastilho/PyOpenGL-Problem

启动器.PY
所有 PyGame 显示设置都存储在这里

import pygame
from pygame import event as events
from pygame import display

import sys, os
from screeninfo import get_monitors
from canvas import setup, draw


# Root class: "Launcher"
class Launcher:

    def __init__(self):
        pygame.init()

        # Create default settings
        self.title = "PyGame Screen"
        self.size = (500, 500)
        self.flags = 0

        setup(self)
        self.__setupSurface()

        # Run screen
        self.__runSurface()


    # Setup environment
    def __setupSurface(self):
        """Setup environment."""

        # Get the main monitor dimensions
        for monitor in get_monitors():
            if monitor.x == monitor.y == 0:
                middle_x = (monitor.width  - self.size[0]) // 2
                middle_y = (monitor.height - self.size[1]) // 2 

        offset = f"{middle_x},{middle_y}"

        # Setup window
        os.environ["SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS"] = offset
        display.set_caption(self.title)
        self.surface = display.set_mode(self.size, self.flags)


    # Run environment    
    def __runSurface(self):
        """Run environment."""

        while True:
            draw(self)
            pygame.time.wait(10)

            # Close condition
            for event in events.get():
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    pygame.quit()
                    sys.exit()


# Run launcher
if __name__ == "__main__":
    Launcher()

Canvas .PY
所有的draw函数都存储在这里

from pygame import display
from pygame.locals import *

from OpenGL.GL  import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *

from Shapes.shape import OpenGL_Cube # Imports the cube class


cube = None
clear_flags = None

# Setup canvas
def setup(app):
    global cube, clear_flags

    app.size = (1280, 720) # Setup window size
    app.title = "PyOpenGl" # Setup window title
    app.flags = DOUBLEBUF|OPENGL # Setup PyGame flags

    # Setup OpenGL environment
    clear_flags = GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT
    gluPerspective(45, (app.size[0]/app.size[1]), 0.1, 50)
    glTranslatef(0, 0, -5)
    glRotatef(0, 0, 0, 0)
    
    # Setup objects
    cube = OpenGL_Cube()


# Run canvas
def draw(app):
    cube.draw()

    display.flip()
    glClear(clear_flags)

输出


编辑
只是为了澄清，我用来显示立方体边缘的代码行是这样的:

glBegin(GL_LINES)
for node in nodes: # Where node = (x, y, z)
    glVertex3fv(node)
glEnd

Answer 1

透视投影和模型 View 矩阵从未设置，因为您调用了函数 setup之前 self.__setupSurface() .
请注意，对于任何 OpenGL 指令，一个有效且当前的 OpenGL Context是必需的，否则指令无效。生成 pygame 显示表面 ( display.set_mode() ) 时会创建 OpenGL 上下文。因此 setup必须在 self.__setupSurface() 之后调用:

class Launcher:
    # [...]

    def __init__(self):
        pygame.init()
  
        # [...]

        self.size = (1280, 720)
        self.title = "Marching Cubes"
        self.flags = DOUBLEBUF|OPENGL

        # create OpenGL window (and make OpenGL context current)
        self.__setupSurface()

        # setup projection and view
        setup(self)

# Setup canvas
def setup(app):
    global cube, clear_flags

    # Setup OpenGL environment
    clear_flags = GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT
    gluPerspective(45, (app.size[0]/app.size[1]), 0.1, 50)
    glTranslatef(0, 10, -5)
    glRotatef(0, 0, 0, 0)
    
    # Setup objects
    cube = OpenGL_Cube()