r - 将数据框中的一长行转换为单独的记录

Question

我有一个可变的人员列表，作为数据框中的一长行，我有兴趣将这些记录重新组织为更有意义的格式。

我的原始数据如下所示，

df <- data.frame(name1 = "John Doe", email1 = "<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="f1bb9e999fb1b59e94df929e9c" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", phone1 = "(444) 444-4444", name2 = "Jane Doe", email2 = "<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="7d371c13183d391218531e1210" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", phone2 = "(444) 444-4445", name3 = "John Smith", email3 = "<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="eca6838482acbf81859884c28f8381" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", phone3 = "(444) 444-4446", name4 = NA, email4 = "<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="c48ea5aaa18497a9adb0aceaa7aba9" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", phone4 = NA, name5 = NA, email5 = NA, phone5 = NA)
df
#     name1       email1         phone1    name2       email2         phone2
# 1 John Doe <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="155f7a7d7b55517a703b767a78" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> (444) 444-4444 Jane Doe <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="064c676863464269632865696b" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> (444) 444-4445
#       name3         email3         phone3 name4         email4 phone4 name5
# 1 John Smith <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="145e7b7c7a5447797d607c3a777b79" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> (444) 444-4446    NA Jan<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="45200516282c312d6b262a28" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>     NA    NA
#  email5 phone5
# 1     NA     NA    

我正在尝试将其弯曲成这样的格式，

df_transform <- structure(list(name = structure(c(2L, 1L, 3L, NA, NA), .Label = c("Jane Doe", 
"John Doe", "John Smith"), class = "factor"), email = structure(c(3L, 
1L, 4L, 2L, NA), .Label = c("<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="5c163d32391c183339723f3331" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", "<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="357f545b507566585c415d1b565a58" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", 
"<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="2a604542446a6e454f04494547" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>", "<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="1c567374725c4f71756874327f7371" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>"), class = "factor"), phone = structure(c(1L, 
2L, 3L, NA, NA), .Label = c("(444) 444-4444", "(444) 444-4445", 
"(444) 444-4446"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("name", "email", 
"phone"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -5L))
 df_transform
#         name          email          phone
# 1   John Doe   <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="4b012423250b0f242e65282426" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> (444) 444-4444
# 2   Jane Doe   <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="571d363932171338327934383a" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> (444) 444-4445
# 3 John Smith <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="367c595e5876655b5f425e1855595b" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> (444) 444-4446
# 4       <NA> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="e0aa818e85a0b38d899488ce838f8d" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>           <NA>
# 5       <NA>           <NA>           <NA>

应该补充的是，它并不总是五个记录，它可以是 1 到 99 之间的任何数字。我尝试使用 reshape2 的 melt 和 `t() 1 但事情变得复杂了。我想有一些我根本不知道的已知方法。

Answer 1

您的方向是正确的，请尝试以下操作:

library(reshape2)

# melt it down
df.melted = melt(t(df))
# get rid of the numbers at the end
df.melted$Var1 = sub('[0-9]+$', '', df.melted$Var1)

# cast it back
dcast(df.melted, (seq_len(nrow(df.melted)) - 1) %/% 3 ~ Var1)[,-1]
#           email       name          phone
#1   <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="c78da8afa98783a8a2e9a4a8aa" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>   John Doe (444) 444-4444
#2   <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="f4be959a91b4b09b91da979b99" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>   Jane Doe (444) 444-4445
#3 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="d79db8bfb99784babea3bff9b4b8ba" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a> John Smith (444) 444-4446
#4 <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="0f456e616a4f5c62667b67216c6062" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">[email protected]</a>       <NA>           <NA>
#5           <NA>       <NA>           <NA>