ruby-on-rails - RoR教程第6章不断获取语法错误，出现意外的tIDENTIFIER，期望出现keyword_end(SyntaxError

Question

我不断收到以下错误:

syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end (SyntaxError)

    from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `block in load'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `load'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `block in load_spec_files'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `map'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `load_spec_files'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:69:in `run'
        from /Users/shazias/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/rspec-core-2.10.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:10:in `block in autorun'

这是我的user.rb文件:

    class User < ActiveRecord::Base
    attr_accessible :name, :email

    email_regex = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i

   validates :name,  :presence => true,
                    :length   => { :maximum => 50 }
   validates :email, :presence => true,
                    :format   => { :with => email_regex },
                    :uniqueness => { :case_sensitive => false}
   end

    and my user_spec.rb file: 

       require 'spec_helper'

    describe User do



before(:each) do
    @attr = { :name => "Example User", :email => "user@example.com" }
  end

  it "should create a new instance given valid attributes" do
    User.create!(@attr)
  end

  it "should require a name" do
      no_name_user = User.new(@attr.merge(:name => ""))
      no_name_user.should_not be_valid
  end

  it "should require an email address" do
        no_email_user = User.new(@attr.merge(:email => ""))
        no_email_user.should_not be_valid
  end

  it "should reject names that are too long" do
          long_name = "a" * 51
          long_name_user = User.new(@attr.merge(:name => long_name))
          long_name_user.should_not be_valid
  end

  it "should accept valid email addresses" do
            addresses = %w[user@foo.com THE_USER@foo.bar.org first.last@foo.jp]
            addresses.each do |address|
              valid_email_user = User.new(@attr.merge(:email => address))
              valid_email_user.should be_valid
  end
 end 
  it "should reject invalid email addresses" do
              addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo.]
              addresses.each do |address|
                invalid_email_user = User.new(@attr.merge(:email => address))
                invalid_email_user.should_not be_valid
  end
 end
  it "should reject duplicate email addresses" do
    #Put a user with given email address into the database. 
    User.create! (@attr)
    user_with_duplicate_email = User.new (@attr)
    user_with_duplicate_email.should_not be_valid
  end
end
  it "should reject email addresses identical up to case" do
    upcased_email = @attr [:email].upcase
    User.create! (@attr.merge(:email => upcased_email))
    user_with_duplicate_email = User.new (@attr),
    user_with_duplicate_email.should_not be_valid
  end
end

我实际上是机智的。在将这部分代码添加到user_spec.rb文件中之后(在添加和/或删除此部分代码之前，我的测试通过)，我的测试始终失败:

    it "should reject email addresses identical up to case" do
    upcased_email = @attr [:email].upcase
    User.create! (@attr.merge(:email => upcased_email))
    user_with_duplicate_email = User.new (@attr),
    user_with_duplicate_email.should_not be_valid
  end
end

任何帮助，不胜感激，谢谢!

Answer 1

直接在此行上方:

it "should reject email addresses identical up to case" do

您那里还有一个 end语句。该语句可能应该移到文件末尾。