python - RuntimeWarning : DateTimeField Model. 当时区支持处于事件状态时，日期收到了幼稚的日期时间

Question

我正在尝试过滤查询集以获取今年的所有帖子。

def thisYearQuerySet(objects):
    start_day = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year, 1, 1)
    end_day = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year, 12, 31)
    return objects.filter(date__range=[start_day, end_day])

django 提示 start_day和end_day声明可能会发生冲突django.utils.timezone ，我认为这没什么大不了的。

---

但是这个警告很烦人，任何关于忽略它的建议(而不是禁用 django 警告)将不胜感激。比如，如何从 django.utils 获取一年中的第一天和最后一天

完整警告

RuntimeWarning: DateTimeField Model.date received a naive datetime (2021-01-01 00:00:00) while time zone support is active.
RuntimeWarning: DateTimeField Model.date received a naive datetime (2021-12-31 00:00:00) while time zone support is active.

---

看来我必须设置一个区域来消除警告。

我附上了我的项目中实现的模块，其中的方法可能会对您有所帮助。

import pytz
import datetime
from django.utils import timezone
from django.conf import settings
from django.db.models import Q
from django.utils.dateparse import parse_datetime


# MM/DD/YY
def when(create):
    return '%s/%s/%s' % (create.month, create.day, create.year)


def current():
    return when(timezone.now())


# create: date of object creation
# now: time now
# li: a list of string indicate time (in any language)
# lst: suffix (in any language)
# long: display length
def howLongAgo(
    create, 
    now, 
    # li=[
    #   'sec', 
    #   'min',
    #   'h', 
    #   'day',
    #   'week', 
    #   'month',
    #   'year',
    # ], 
    li=[
        '秒',
        '分',
        '时',
        '天',
        '周',
        '月',
        '年',
    ], 
    # lst='ago', 
    lst='之前',
    long=2
):
    dif = create - now
    sec = dif.days * 24 * 60 * 60 + dif.seconds
    minute = sec // 60
    sec %= 60
    hour = minute // 60
    minute %= 60
    day = hour // 24
    hour %= 24
    week = day // 7
    day %= 7
    month = (week * 7) // 30
    week %= 30
    year = month // 12
    month %= 12
    s = []
    for ii, tt in enumerate([sec, minute, hour, day, week, month, year]):
        ss = li[ii]
        if tt != 0:
            s.append(str(tt) + ss)
        #   if tt == 1:
        #       s.append(str(tt) + ss)
        #   else:
        #       s.append(str(tt) + ss + 's')

    return ' '.join(list(reversed(s))[:long]) + lst


# conversion
def dateToDatetime(li):
    res = []
    for ar in li:
        res.append(datetime.datetime.combine(ar, datetime.datetime.min.time()))
    return res


def datespan(startDate, endDate, delta=datetime.timedelta(days=1)):
    currentDate = startDate
    while currentDate < endDate:
        yield currentDate
        currentDate += delta


# queryset
def thisMonthQuerySet(objects):
    today = timezone.now()
    year = today.year
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(year, today.month, 1)))
    end_day = start_day + datetime.timedelta(30)
    return objects.filter(date__range=[start_day, end_day])


def lastMonthQuerySet(objects):
    today = timezone.now()
    year = today.year
    month = today.month - 1
    if month == 0:
        year -= 1
        month = 12
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(year, month, 1)))
    end_day = start_day + datetime.timedelta(30)
    return objects.filter(date__range=[start_day, end_day])


def thisYearQuerySet(objects):
    today = timezone.now()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, 1, 1)))
    end_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year + 1, 1, 1)))
    return objects.filter(date__range=[start_day, end_day])


def lastYearQuerySet(objects):
    today = timezone.now()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year - 1, 1, 1)))
    end_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, 1, 1)))
    return objects.filter(date__range=[start_day, end_day])


def lastQuaterQuerySet(objects):
    today = timezone.now()
    four_month_before = today - timezone.timedelta(30 * 4)
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(four_month_before.year, four_month_before.month, 1)))
    return objects.filter(date__gte=start_day)


# timespan 
def getLastWeek():
    date = datetime.date.today()
    end_day = date - datetime.timedelta(date.weekday())
    start_day = end_day - datetime.timedelta(7)
    return dateToDatetime([day for day in datespan(start_day, end_day)])


def getThisWeek():
    date = datetime.date.today()
    start_day = date - datetime.timedelta(date.weekday())
    end_day = start_day + datetime.timedelta(7)
    return dateToDatetime([day for day in datespan(start_day, end_day)])


def getLastMonth():
    today = datetime.date.today()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, today.month - 1 if today.month - 1 != 0 else 1, 1)))
    end_day = start_day + datetime.timedelta(30)
    return [day for day in datespan(start_day, end_day)]


def getThisMonth():
    today = datetime.date.today()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, today.month, 1)))
    end_day = start_day + datetime.timedelta(30)
    return [day for day in datespan(start_day, end_day)]


def getLastYear():
    today = datetime.date.today()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year - 1, 1, 1)))
    end_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, 1, 1)))
    return [day for day in datespan(start_day, end_day)]


def getThisYear():
    today = datetime.date.today()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, 1, 1)))
    end_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year + 1, 1, 1)))
    return [day for day in datespan(start_day, end_day)]


# exclude
def dayNotIn(objects):
    return objects.filter(~Q(date=timezone.now()))


def weekNotIn(objects):
    return objects.filter(date__lt=timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=7))


def monthNotIn(objects):
    return objects.filter(date__lt=timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=30))


def yearNotIn(objects):
    return objects.filter(date__lt=timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=365))


# month only
def getQSbyYM(objects, y, m):
    # m in [0, 12]
    em = m + 1 
    ey = y
    if em == 13:
        em = 1
        ey = y + 1
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(y, m, 1)))
    end_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(ey, em, 1)))
    return objects.filter(date__lt=end_day, date__gte=start_day)


def createInToday(objects):
    today = timezone.now()
    start_day = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((datetime.datetime(today.year, today.month, today.day)))
    end_day = start_day + datetime.timedelta(1)
    return objects.filter(date__lt=end_day, date__gte=start_day)


def dtstr(dt) -> str:
    return dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')


def strdt(st):
    return pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai').localize((parse_datetime(st)))

修改date__根据模型日期时间字段名称，还可以根据您网站的工作位置更改时区。

Answer 1

django moans about start_day and end_day declaration may conflicts django.utils.timezone, I think it is not a big deal.

这取决于您能承受的风险程度。如果不考虑用户的时区，thisYearQuerySet 可能会在临近新年时返回去年或当前年份的对象。

这是因为服务器可能在 GMT 时间运行，这意味着在 2022-01-01 00:00:00T00:00，它将开始返回 2022 年日期的数据。但是，任何使用该应用程序的美国人都会还需要 4 个多小时才能知道 2021 年，并希望在午夜之前看到 2021 年的数据。

但是，如果您试图消除警告并且不关心上述情况，请不要在获取今天/现在时使用 python 日期时间函数。使用:

from django.utils import timezone
now = timezone.now()
today = timezone.now().date()