amazon-web-services - 如何在此 cloudformation 模板的 aws cli 命令中插入参数？

Question

我尝试使用示例 cloudformation 模板创建资源，但它引发以下错误。

我使用的命令

aws cloudformation create-stack \
>     --stack-name explaining-credit-decisions \
>     --template-body file://template.yaml 

我遇到的错误

An error occurred (ValidationError) when calling the CreateStack operation: 
Parameters: [SolutionPrefix] must have values

这是我使用的模板。

AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: >
  (SA0003) -
  sm-soln-explaining-credit-decisions:
  Used as root template for 'explaining credit decisions' stack.
  Version 1
Parameters:
  SolutionPrefix:
    Type: String
    Description: |
      Used to name resources created as part of this stack (and inside nested stacks too).
      Can be the same as the stack name used by AWS CloudFormation, but this field has extra
      constraints because it's used to name resources with restrictions (e.g. Amazon S3 bucket
      names cannot contain capital letters).
    AllowedPattern: '^sm-soln-explaining-[a-z0-9\-]{1,20}$'
    ConstraintDescription: Only allowed to use lowercase letters, hyphens and/or numbers. Should start with 'sm-soln-explaining-' for permission management. Should be 39 characters or less.
  CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance:
    Description: Create a SageMaker Notebook Instance as part of the stack?
    Type: String
    Default: 'true'
    AllowedValues: 
      - 'true'
      - 'false'
  SageMakerNotebookInstanceType:
    Description: |
      Amazon SageMaker Notebook instance type
    Type: String
    Default: ml.t3.medium
  StackVersion:
    Description: |
      CloudFormation Stack version.
      Use 'release' version unless you are customizing the 
      CloudFormation templates and solution artifacts.
    Type: String
    Default: release
    AllowedValues: 
      - release
      - development
Mappings: 
  SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix: 
    development: 
      Prefix: sagemaker-solutions-build
    release: 
      Prefix: sagemaker-solutions
Conditions:
  CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance: !Equals [ !Ref CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance, 'true' ]
Resources:
  S3Bucket:
    Type: "AWS::S3::Bucket"
    Properties:
      BucketName: !Sub ${SolutionPrefix}-${AWS::Region}-${AWS::AccountId}
      PublicAccessBlockConfiguration:
        BlockPublicAcls: true
        BlockPublicPolicy: true
        IgnorePublicAcls: true
        RestrictPublicBuckets: true
      BucketEncryption:
        ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration:
          -
            ServerSideEncryptionByDefault:
              SSEAlgorithm: AES256
    Metadata:
      cfn_nag:
        rules_to_suppress:
          - id: W35
            reason: Avoids user having to manually create an Amazon S3 bucket for logs.
          - id: W51
            reason: Current default access policy is sufficient.
  GlueStack:
    Type: "AWS::CloudFormation::Stack"
    Properties:
      TemplateURL: !Sub
        - "https://${SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix}-${AWS::Region}.s3.amazonaws.com/Explaining-credit-decisions/cloudformation/glue/glue.yaml"
        - SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix:
            Fn::FindInMap: [SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix, Ref: StackVersion, Prefix]
      Parameters:
        SolutionPrefix: !Ref SolutionPrefix
        S3BucketName: !Ref S3Bucket
        SolutionsS3BucketName: !Sub
        - ${SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix}-${AWS::Region}
        - SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix:
            Fn::FindInMap: [SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix, Ref: StackVersion, Prefix]
  SageMakerStack:
    Type: "AWS::CloudFormation::Stack"
    Properties:
      TemplateURL: !Sub
        - "https://${SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix}-${AWS::Region}.s3.amazonaws.com/Explaining-credit-decisions/cloudformation/sagemaker/sagemaker.yaml"
        - SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix:
            Fn::FindInMap: [SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix, Ref: StackVersion, Prefix]
      Parameters:
        SolutionPrefix: !Ref SolutionPrefix
        StackVersion: !Ref StackVersion
        S3BucketName: !Ref S3Bucket
        GlueDatabase: !GetAtt GlueStack.Outputs.GlueDatabase
        GlueWorkflow: !GetAtt GlueStack.Outputs.GlueWorkflow
        SolutionsS3BucketName: !Sub
          - ${SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix}-${AWS::Region}
          - SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix:
              Fn::FindInMap: [SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix, Ref: StackVersion, Prefix]
        CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance: !Ref CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance
        SageMakerNotebookInstanceType: !Ref SageMakerNotebookInstanceType
  SolutionAssistantStack:
    Type: "AWS::CloudFormation::Stack"
    Properties:
      TemplateURL: !Sub
        - "https://${SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix}-${AWS::Region}.s3.amazonaws.com/Explaining-credit-decisions/cloudformation/solution-assistant/solution-assistant.yaml"
        - SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix:
            Fn::FindInMap: [SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix, Ref: StackVersion, Prefix]
      Parameters:
        SolutionPrefix: !Ref SolutionPrefix
        S3BucketName: !Ref S3Bucket
        SolutionsS3BucketName: !Sub
          - ${SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix}-${AWS::Region}
          - SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix:
              Fn::FindInMap: [SolutionsS3BucketNamePrefix, Ref: StackVersion, Prefix]
        ECRRepository: !GetAtt SageMakerStack.Outputs.ECRRepository
Outputs:
  AwsAccountId:
    Value: !Ref AWS::AccountId
  AwsRegion:
    Value: !Ref AWS::Region
  EcrRepository:
    Value: !GetAtt SageMakerStack.Outputs.ECRRepository
  ContainerBuildProject:
    Value: !GetAtt SageMakerStack.Outputs.ContainerBuildProject
  GlueDatabase:
    Value: !GetAtt GlueStack.Outputs.GlueDatabase
  GlueWorkflow:
    Value: !GetAtt GlueStack.Outputs.GlueWorkflow
  SolutionPrefix:
    Value: !Ref SolutionPrefix
  S3Bucket:
    Value: !Ref S3Bucket
  IamRole:
    Value: !GetAtt SageMakerStack.Outputs.SageMakerIAMRole
  SagemakerNotebookInstanceNotebooks:
    Description: URL to notebooks on the Amazon SageMaker Notebook Instance.
    Condition: CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance
    Value: !GetAtt SageMakerStack.Outputs.SageMakerNotebookInstanceNotebooks
  SagemakerMode:
    Value: !If
      - CreateSageMakerNotebookInstance
      - "NotebookInstance"
      - "Studio"

原因是什么？

Answer 1

它在文档中:https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/cloudformation/create-stack.html

您需要通过 --parameters 开关向 Cloudformation 参数提供值。

--parameters (list)

A list of Parameter structures that specify input parameters for the stack. For more information, see the Parameter data type.
(structure)
The Parameter data type.
ParameterKey -> (string)
The key associated with the parameter. If you don't specify a key and value for a particular parameter, CloudFormation uses the default value that's specified in your template.
ParameterValue -> (string)
The input value associated with the parameter.

文档中的示例:

aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name myteststack \
  --template-body file://sampletemplate.json --parameters \
ParameterKey=KeyPairName,ParameterValue=TestKey ParameterKey=SubnetIDs,ParameterValue=SubnetID1\\,SubnetID2