sql - PL/SQL block 问题 : No data found error

Question

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
    v_student_id NUMBER := &sv_student_id;
    v_section_id NUMBER := 89;
    v_final_grade NUMBER;
    v_letter_grade CHAR(1);
BEGIN
    SELECT final_grade
    INTO v_final_grade
    FROM enrollment
    WHERE student_id = v_student_id
    AND section_id = v_section_id;

    CASE -- outer CASE
        WHEN v_final_grade IS NULL THEN
            DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('There is no final grade.');
        ELSE
            CASE -- inner CASE
                WHEN v_final_grade >= 90 THEN v_letter_grade := 'A';
                WHEN v_final_grade >= 80 THEN v_letter_grade := 'B';
                WHEN v_final_grade >= 70 THEN v_letter_grade := 'C';
                WHEN v_final_grade >= 60 THEN v_letter_grade := 'D';
                ELSE v_letter_grade := 'F';
            END CASE;

            -- control resumes here after inner CASE terminates
            DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Letter grade is: '||v_letter_grade);
    END CASE;
    -- control resumes here after outer CASE terminates
END;

以上代码是我从《Oracle PL/SQL 示例，2009 年第 4 版》一书中获取的，我的问题是当我输入的 student_id 中不存在时表它返回给我以下错误

Error report: ORA-01403: no data foundORA-06512: at line 701403. 00000 -  "no data found"*Cause:    *Action:

但根据这本书，它应该返回一个空值，然后按照案例流程进行操作。

Answer 1

当您选择“INTO”变量并且没有返回任何记录时，您应该收到“NO DATA FOUND”错误。我相信编写上述代码的正确方法是将 SELECT 语句用它自己的 BEGIN/EXCEPTION/END block 包装。示例:

...
v_final_grade NUMBER;
v_letter_grade CHAR(1);
BEGIN

    BEGIN
    SELECT final_grade
      INTO v_final_grade
      FROM enrollment
     WHERE student_id = v_student_id
       AND section_id = v_section_id;

    EXCEPTION
      WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
        v_final_grade := NULL;
    END;

    CASE -- outer CASE
      WHEN v_final_grade IS NULL THEN
      ...