variables - 从批处理文件中的变量中删除双引号会导致 CMD 环境出现问题

Question

任何人都可以提供从批处理变量中删除引号的有效且安全的方法吗？

我编写了一个批处理文件，它成功导入了参数 %1、%2、%3 等的列表，并将它们放入命名变量中。其中一些参数包含多个单词，因此用双引号引起来。

> "Susie Jo" (%1)  
> "Smith Barnes" (%2)  
> "123 E. Main St." (%3)  

这些%变量接下来被放置在命名变量中:

> set FirstName=%1  
> set LastName=%2  
> set ShipAddr=%3  

变量的验证是通过 echo 完成的。> echo.%FirstName%
> echo.%LastName%
> echo.%ShipAddr%

结果显示为

"Susie Jo"  
"Smith Barnes"  
"123 E. Main St."  

我需要消除所选变量上包含的引号。例如，FirstName 和 LastName 在其他地方使用，并且不得包含引号。

在测试批处理文件中，我成功地使用变量中的 ~tilde 字符消除了引号。

> set FirstName=%~1
> set LastName=%~2 

我以为我已经找到了解决方案，但很快我就在执行批处理文件时遇到了异常行为。突然 CMD 无法识别长路径语句。从完整路径正常执行批处理文件

> C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\My Documents\Txt\batchtest\dataout.bat

返回

> 'C:\Documents' is not recognized as an internal or external command....

因此，向传入的 %1 %2...%n 变量添加 ~tilde 字符似乎导致了一些变化。可能某些环境变量已被更改？

我还尝试使用 FOR 命令进行各种尝试来清除变量内的引号。这看起来很尴尬，我一直无法学习如何通过创建变量列表来执行任务来完成此任务:

像这样:

for %%g in (%FirstName% %LastName%) do (
set %%g=%%~g
set %%h=%%~h
set FirstName=%%~g
set LastName=%%h
echo.%FirstName% %LastName%
)

我认为我有两个问题。

1. 我在传入 %1 %2 变量(%~1 等)中插入 ~tilde 的“简短而甜蜜”的想法似乎影响了某些设置并改变了 CMD 导航长路径名的方式。

2. 我仍在寻找一种干净、简单的方法来消除所选命名变量中的引号。

对于那些更有经验的人的任何帮助将不胜感激。我的技能已经结束了...需要一些指导!

编辑 2009 年 12 月 26 日 13:36(太平洋标准时间)整个批处理文件:

:: dataout.bat  
:: revision 12/25/2009 add ~tilde to incoming %variables to eliminate embedded "quotation marks.  
:: writes address list using command line parameters  
:: writes data output list for QBooks IIF import  
:: writes Merchant Order data for RUI  
:: sample command line string for testing  
:: listmail[firstname][lastname]["address string"]["city string"][state][zip][Order#][PurchDate][Regname]["FirstName LastName"][TransactionID][PaymentMethod][Total][ProductID][Qty][Price_Each][PackPrep] [Shipping] [CommissionPmt] [Invoice#]  
:: example: dataout Bellewinkle Moose "123 Green Forest Way" "Vancouver" WA 98664 1004968 05/25/2009 "Bellewinkle Moose" "Olive Oyl" 101738 "On Account" 20.67 FK-1P 1 8.95 3.00 1.39 239  
@echo off  
cls  
c:  
cd\  
cd documents and settings\administrator\my documents\txt\batchtest  
echo processing %1 %2  
:VARISET  
:: Convert %n command line parameters to string variables  
set ($FirstName)=%~1  
set ($LastName)=%~2  
set ($BillingAddress1)=%~3  
set ($BillingCity)=%~4  
set ($BillingState)=%~5  
set ($BillingPostal)=%~6  
set ($OrderNumber)=%~7  
set ($Purch_Date)=%~8  
set ($RegistrationName)=%~9  
shift  
set ($TransactionID)=%~9  
shift  
set ($PaymentMethod)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Total)=%~9  
shift
set ($ProductIdentifier)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Quantity)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Price_Each)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Pack_Prep)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Shipping)=%~9  
shift  
set ($ServiceFee)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Discount)=%~9  
shift  
set ($Invoice)=%~9  
shift  
set ($UnitPrice)=%~9  
set _ShipCombName=%($FirstName)% %($LastName)%  
echo ship combo name is %_ShipCombName%  
pause  
:: write string varibables to logfile  
echo FN %($FirstName)% LN %($LastName)% BA %($BillingAddress1)% %($BillingCity)% %($BillingState)% %($BillingPostal)% %($OrderNumber)% %($Purch_Date)% %($RegistrationName)% %($TransactionID)% %($PaymentMethod)% %($Total)% %($ProductIdentifier)% %($Quantity)% %($Price_Each)% %($Pack_Prep)% %($Shipping)% %($ServiceFee)% %($Discount)% %($Invoice)% %($UnitPrice)% %_ShipCombName% >> d_out_log.txt  
:: Assign Account by Service Provider  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Amazon Receivables SET _QBAcct=Amazon.com  
:: 12-25-2009 added second Amazon pm't method for versatility  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Amazon SET _QBAcct=Amazon.com  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==MAST SET _QBAcct=Auth/Net  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==MasterCard SET _QBAcct=Auth/Net  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Visa SET _QBAcct=Auth/Net  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==PayPal SET _QBAcct=PayPalPmts  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==On Account SET _QBAcct=%($RegistrationName)%  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Mail SET _QBAcct=%($RegistrationName)%  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==AMER SET _QBAcct=Auth/Net  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==DISC SET _QBAcct=Auth/Net  
:: Assign Rep designator based on QBAccount  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Amazon Receivables SET _Rep=Amazon  
:: 12-25-2009 added second Amazon pm't method for versatility  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Amazon SET _Rep=Amazon  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==MAST SET _Rep=BlueZap  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==MasterCard SET _Rep=BlueZap  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Visa SET _Rep=BlueZap  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==PayPal SET _Rep=BlueZap  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==On Account SET _Rep=R B  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==Mail SET _Rep=R B  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==AMER SET _Rep=BlueZap  
IF /i %($PaymentMethod)%==DISC SET _Rep=BlueZap  
:: check for duplicate address data  
findstr /i /s "%_ShipCombName%" addrlist.txt  
echo errorlevel: %errorlevel%  
if errorlevel 1 goto :ADDRWRITE  
if errorlevel 0 goto :ADDRFOUND  
:ADDRWRITE  
echo %_ShipCombName% >> addrlist.txt  
echo %($BillingAddress1)% >> addrlist.txt  
echo %($BillingCity)% %($BillingState)% %($BillingPostal)% >> addrlist.txt  
echo. >> addrlist.txt  
echo Address File Written  
:ADDRFOUND  
echo selected rep is %_Rep%  
echo selected account is: %_QBAcct%  
pause  
:: RUI OUT  
:: write Merchant Order ID & RUI Order ID to RUI  
:: check for duplicate RUI data in writeRUI.txt  
cd..  
cd RegKOut  
find /i "%($OrderNumber)%" writeRUI.txt  
echo errorlevel: %errorlevel%  
if errorlevel 1 goto :RUIWRITE  
if errorlevel 0 goto :IIFWRITE  
:RUIWRITE  
echo %($Invoice)%   %($OrderNumber)% >> writeRUI.txt  
:: end write RUI  
:: IIF OUT  
:IIFWRITE  
:: Check for duplicate invoice data in writeIIF.txt  
find /i "%($OrderNumber)%" writeIIF.txt  
echo errorlevel: %errorlevel%  
if errorlevel 1 goto :HEADWRITE  
if errorlevel 0 goto :LINEWRITE  
:HEADWRITE  
:: write Header, Ship/Handling, discount, Rep & commission data to QB IIF import file  
echo %($OrderNumber)%   %($Purch_Date)% Invoice %($TransactionID)%  %_QBAcct%   Accounts Receivable             %($Total)%  %_Rep% >> writeIIF.txt    
echo                        H/P %($Pack_Prep)%  1   ? >> writeIIF.txt  
echo                        SHP %($Shipping)%   1   ? >> writeIIF.txt  
echo                        DISC    %($Discount)%   1   ? >> writeIIF.txt  
echo                        Comm    %($ServiceFee)% 1   ? >> writeIIF.txt  
:LINEWRITE  
IF /i %($ProductIdentifier)% equ PH-1 goto WRITE_DEFA ELSE goto WRITE_DISC  
echo %($ProductIdentifier)%  
:WRITE_DISC  
::writes discounted prices parsed from custom variable:  
echo                        %($ProductIdentifier)%  %($Price_Each)% %($Quantity)%   ? >> writeIIF.txt  
goto :EOF  
:WRITE_DEFA  
:writes default prices parsed from Product data  
echo                        %($ProductIdentifier)%  %($UnitPrice)%  %($Quantity)%   ? >> writeIIF.txt  
goto :EOF  
:: 3-second delay  
:: TYPE NUL | CHOICE.COM /N /CY /TY,3 >NUL  
:EOF  

Answer 1

末尾有一个额外的双引号，这会将其添加回字符串的末尾(从字符串中删除两个引号后)。

输入:

set widget="a very useful item"
set widget
set widget=%widget:"=%
set widget

输出:

widget="a very useful item"
widget=a very useful item

注意:要将双引号 "替换为单引号 '，请执行以下操作:

set widget=%widget:"='%

注意:要将单词“World”(不区分大小写)替换为 BobB，请执行以下操作:

set widget="Hello World!"
set widget=%widget:world=BobB%
set widget

输出:

widget="Hello BobB!"

就您最初的问题而言(将以下代码保存到批处理文件 .cmd 或 .bat 并运行):

@ECHO OFF
ECHO %0
SET BathFileAndPath=%~0
ECHO %BathFileAndPath%
ECHO "%BathFileAndPath%"
ECHO %~0
ECHO %0
PAUSE

输出:

"C:\Users\Test\Documents\Batch Files\Remove Quotes.cmd"
C:\Users\Test\Documents\Batch Files\Remove Quotes.cmd
"C:\Users\Test\Documents\Batch Files\Remove Quotes.cmd"
C:\Users\Test\Documents\Batch Files\Remove Quotes.cmd
"C:\Users\Test\Documents\Batch Files\Remove Quotes.cmd"
Press any key to continue . . .

%0 是脚本名称和路径。
%1 是第一个命令行参数，依此类推。