android - 如何避免在Android中依赖的无知？

Question

我刚刚将一些项目导入我的Android Studio，并在最新版本的android SDK(即v7)上测试了该应用程序，但是当我尝试在旧设备上测试该应用程序时，该应用程序无法正常工作，因为该应用程序包含身份验证 Activity 在v7上成功运行，但在旧的android设备上无法正常运行。

org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:4.5.1'

我注意到上面的依赖关系被忽略了。我知道在API 23之后，此依赖关系已弃用。有什么方法可以避免通过gradle的无知吗？由于我的整个应用程序都基于http组件。

应用程序的Gradle文件为:

代码已更新

    apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {

    compileSdkVersion 23
    buildToolsVersion "25.0.0"
    useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'


    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.creative.nerdzprocollegemanager"
        minSdkVersion 14
        targetSdkVersion 21
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        debug {
            debuggable true
        }
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    sourceSets { main { res.srcDirs = ['src/main/res', 'src/main/res/values-fr'] } }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.3'
    compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:4.5.1'
    compile group: 'org.apache.httpcomponents' , name: 'httpclient-android' , version: '4.3.5.1'

}

应用程序功能是:

@Override
 protected String doInBackground(Void...params) {
  byte[] result;
  String resultString = "";
  HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
  try {
   ArrayList < NameValuePair > nameValuePairs = new ArrayList < > ();
   for (String key: postParams.keySet()) {
    nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, postParams.get(key)));
   }
   httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8"));
   HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
   StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();

   if (statusLine.getStatusCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
    errorMessage = "ok";
    result = EntityUtils.toByteArray(response.getEntity());
    resultString = new String(result, "UTF-8");
   }
  } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
   errorMessage = "Encoding is not supported";
  } catch (Exception e) {
   errorMessage = "An error occurred";
  }
  return resultString;
 }

 @Override
 protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
  if (errorMessage.equals("ok")) {
   sourceActivity.requestFinished(s, requestTag);
  } else
   sourceActivity.requestFailed(errorMessage, requestTag);
 }
 }

有什么方法可以避免通过gradle导致对依赖关系的无知吗？还是我应该使用一些替代httpclient的方法？请建议我一些解决方案，因为我对Android的使用经验不足。

Answer 1

在您的Gradle文件中将这一行添加到android的另一端

android{
...
useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'
...
}

编辑:
也更换

compile group: 'cz.msebera.android' , name: 'httpclient', version:                                
       '4.4.1.1'

与

compile group: 'org.apache.httpcomponents' , name: 'httpclient-android' , version: '4.3.5.1'

要么

compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.1'