gradle - 新的gradle格式困惑和迁移原因找不到方法testCompile()

Question

我有一个build.gradle

plugins {
   id {some plugin for all projects}
   id "com.diffplug.spotless" version "5.1.1"
}

然后，我有一个allprojects {}部分，它定义了一个应用插件:'jacoco'；还有一个子项目{}部分，它声明了应用插件:'java'，还有其他几个
立即添加一尘不染的东西和错误，因为它找不到Java插件，因此我将所有插件修改为在插件部分中，如下所示

plugins {
   id "java"
   id "checkstyle"
   id "eclipse"
   id "idea"
   id "jacoco"
   id "com.diffplug.spotless" version "5.1.1"
   id "com.dorongold.task-tree" version "1.5" //This prints out a task tree (pretty print)
}

然后导致此错误

Could not find method testCompile() for arguments [junit:junit:4.11] on object of type org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dsl.dependencies.DefaultDependencyHandler.

因此由于某种原因，java插件丢失了。我无法在这里找到合适的组合，以将所有内容迁移到这种新的插件部分格式。
我怎么做？我随机尝试在所有项目和子项目中放置一个插件部分，但这会导致这个新错误

Could not find method plugins() for arguments [build_d8c2jgy4ua1m0vkv9kmvgefmc$_run_closure2$_closure5@62337fda] on root project 'providersvc-all' of type org.gradle.api.Project

这个新插件部分如何工作？没有破坏一切，我似乎无法迁移。我只希望Java插件，testCompile和Spotless现在可以很好地一起玩
编辑(忘记附加无法使用的完整修整文件):

plugins {
   id "java"
   id "com.diffplug.spotless" version "5.1.1"
}

ext {
    //dependency versions every project usees so we version in one location all jars(less jar hell this way)
    deps = [
       'junit':           'junit:junit:4.11'
    ]
}

allprojects {
   repositories {
       jcenter()
       mavenCentral()
       maven {
           //webpieces VERSIONED snapshots so you can lock on a snapshot
          url "https://dl.bintray.com/deanhiller/maven"
       }

       //For testing locally
       maven {
         url uri('/tmp/myRepo/')
       }
   }
}

subprojects {
   dependencies {
       testCompile deps['junit']
   }
}

谢谢，
院长

Answer 1

您仅将插件应用于根项目，而不是子项目。但是，如果您想通过subprojects配置来配置插件，则必须使用apply plugin语法。但是，如果您将两者结合起来使用，则不必使用旧的buildscript块来配置类路径和存储库。
这是一个例子。我假设根项目不是Java项目。我也删除了您的评论，而是插入了我的评论，其唯一原因是使它们更容易被发现。

plugins {
   id "com.diffplug.spotless" version "5.1.1" apply false // <-- Set "apply false" here
   // This makes it configure which version to use on the classpath for the entire build, but without applying it.
   // Notice that the Java plugin is not specified here anymore.
   // This is because it is a core plugin so you can't set the version (and I am assuming you don't want it on in the root project).
}

ext {
    deps = [
       'junit':           'junit:junit:4.11'
    ]
}

allprojects {
   repositories {
       jcenter()
       mavenCentral() // <-- You can remove this if you want as it is already present as a proxy in jcenter().
       maven {
          url "https://dl.bintray.com/deanhiller/maven"
       }

       maven {
         url uri('/tmp/myRepo/')
       }
   }
}

subprojects {
   // Here are the two plugins
   apply plugin: "java"
   apply plugin: "com.diffplug.spotless"

   dependencies {
       testImplementation deps['junit'] // <-- testCompile renamed to testImplementation as the former has been deprecated for a long time
   }
}