javascript - 类型错误 : Cannot read property 'firstName' of undefined Unit Test AngularJS

Question

我坚持用 Karma 进行单元测试，我不知道如何进行单元测试，因为这是我第一次。我正在使用 AngularJS，单元测试是 Karma。

事情是这样的:我正在使用一项服务来获取客户的名字、姓氏和电话号码以显示在我的表单中，并且它可以正常工作，但是，当我尝试进行单元测试时错误总是这样的:

directionFormulation component should load customer profile FAILED
        TypeError: Cannot read property 'firstName' of undefined

directionFormulation.js

  function directionFormulationController(event, customer, resolveLocation, order) {
    this.$onInit = onInit;
    this.input = this.input || {};

    function onInit() {
      loadCustomerData();
    }

    function loadCustomerData() {
      this.input.firstName = order.customer.firstName;
      this.input.lastName = order.customer.lastName;
      this.input.phoneNumber = order.customer.phoneNumber;

    }
  }
})();

单元测试:directionFormulation.spec.js:

  it('should load customer data', function () {
    var emptyFirstName = { firstName: 'something'};

    component.$onInit();
    order.customer.firstName = { firstName: 'Something'};
    order.customer.lastName = { lastName: 'Something' };
    order.customer.phoneNumber = { phoneNumber: 55555555};
    // component.input = {
    //   firstName: 'something',
    //   lastName: 'something',
    //   phoneNumber: 55555555
    // };

    component.loadCustomerData();
    $rootScope.$apply();
    component.input.firstName = newFirstName;

    expect(component.input.firstName).to.be.equal({firstName: 'something'});
    expect(component.input.lastName).to.be.not.empty;
    expect(component.input.phoneNumber).to.be.null;

  });
});

Answer 1

您正在将 order 注入(inject) Controller ，因此您需要为单元测试“模拟”order:

describe('addressForm component', function () {
  var component;
  var scope;
  var order;

  beforeEach(function () {
    bard.appModule('shopping.address');
    bard.inject('$rootScope', '$componentController', '$q', 'resolveLocation', 'customer', 'event','order');
    order = {
      customer: {
        firstName: 'Joe',
        lastName: 'Smith',
        phoneNumber: '416-555-1234'
      }
    };
    scope = $rootScope.$new();
    component = $componentController('addressForm', { 
      $scope: scope,
      order: order
    });
  });

  it('should be attached to the scope', function () {
    expect(scope.addressForm).to.be.equal(component);
  });

  it('should load customer profile', function () {
    component.$onInit();
    component.loadCustomerProfile();

    expect(component.input.firstName).to.be.equal(order.customer.firstName);
    expect(component.input.lastName).to.be.equal(order.customer.lastName);
    expect(component.input.phoneNumber).to.be.equal(order.customer.phoneNumber);
  });
});

我想强调一些其他问题:

1. 您的第一个断言 expect(scope.addressForm).to.be.equal(component); 的测试不会通过。 AddressFormController 是 Controller 的名称， Controller 是组件上的属性。

2. 我不确定 bard 在您的测试中指代什么，也不确定 appModule 是否是您的 bard 实例上的属性。这是我的组件测试设置的示例:https://gist.github.com/mcranston18/0ded29eca9a53efeb945736b0a053061

3. 我会推荐此资源来了解有关测试组件 Controller 的更多信息:http://www.codelord.net/2017/01/09/unit-testing-angular-components-with-%24componentcontroller/