javascript - 分配/分发随机数量

Question

假设我有 8 个人和5000 个苹果。
我想将所有苹果分发给所有 8 个人，这样我就没有苹果了。
但每个人都应该得到不同数量

将它们全部分发出去的最佳方式是什么？

我是这样开始的:

let people = 8
let apples = 5000

function getRandomInt(min, max) {
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min
}

while (people--) {
  // last person get the rest
  let x = people ? getRandomInt(0, apples) : apples

  // subtract how many apples i got left
  apples -= x 

  console.log(`Giving person ${people + 1} ${x} apples (got ${apples} left)`)
}

但我不喜欢的是，最后一个人得到的苹果很少(有时少于 5 个苹果)，而第一个人得到的苹果比其他人多得多

Answer 1

如果您每次都需要随机但“平衡”的结果，则需要优先考虑平衡或随机性。以下是遵循“widestGap”要求的一种可能的解决方案:

function randomDeltas(length, widestGap, remToGet) {
  // widestGap >= length * 2 - 1
  let deltas = [];
  let sum = 0;
  let start = 0;
  let origLength = length;
  while (length--) {
    start += 1 + Math.floor(Math.random() * widestGap);
    deltas.push(start);
    sum += start;
  }
  
  let rem = sum % origLength;
  let correction = remToGet - rem;
  if (correction !== 0) {
    sum -= deltas[0];
    deltas[0] += correction;
    if (deltas[0] >= deltas[1]) {
      deltas[0] -= origLength;
    }
    else if (deltas[0] < deltas[1] - widestGap) {
      deltas[0] += origLength;
    }
    sum += deltas[0];
  }
  return {
    deltas,
    sum
  };  
}

function randomDistinctDistribute(apples, people) {
  let rem = apples % people;
  let { deltas, sum } = randomDeltas(people, people * 2 - 1, rem);
  let div = (apples - sum) / people;
  let distribution = [];
  while (deltas.length) {
    distribution.push(div + deltas.shift());
  }
  return distribution;
}

console.log(randomDistinctDistribute(5000, 8));
console.log(randomDistinctDistribute(2500, 6));

这里的想法是随机化增量(以确保差距永远不会变大)，然后将这些增量应用到除数。

<小时/>

这是获得具有不同值的平衡分布的原始(确定性)方法:

function distinctDividents(apples, people) {
  let distribution = [];
  let div = Math.floor(apples / people);
  let rem = apples % people;
  if (people % 2) {
    distribution.push(div);
    people--;
  }
  let half = people / 2;
  let i = 1;
  while (i <= half) {
    distribution.push(div - i);
    distribution.unshift(div + i);
    i++;
  }
  if (rem) {
    distribution[0] += rem; 
  }
  return distribution;
}

console.log(distinctDividents(5000, 8));