elasticsearch - Elastic Search中的“standard”类型

Question

我在ElasticSearch中使用以下结构创建了索引

{
    "my_index2": {
        "aliases": {},
        "mappings": {
            "properties": {
                "age": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "name": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "settings": {
            "index": {
                "number_of_shards": "1",
                "provided_name": "my_index2",
                "creation_date": "1573022346897",
                "analysis": {
                    "analyzer": {
                        "my_analyzer": {
                            "tokenizer": "my_tokenizer"
                        }
                    },
                    "tokenizer": {
                        "my_tokenizer": {
                            "token_chars": [
                                "letter",
                                "digit",
                                "whitespace",
                                "punctuation",
                                "symbol"
                            ],
                            "type": "standard"
                        }
                    }
                },
                "number_of_replicas": "1",
                "uuid": "S6fjaa12QiqTFHrqjBE3KQ",
                "version": {
                    "created": "7040299"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

这是我的数据:

{
  "took": 17,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 9,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 1.0,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "ou57P24BbiLEFIdnhkkg",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Hung Le",
          "age": "34"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "o-57P24BbiLEFIdnx0kj",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Viet Pham",
          "age": "20"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "pO58P24BbiLEFIdnAUm-",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Quy Tran",
          "age": "21"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "pe58P24BbiLEFIdnJ0mn",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Khiem Pham",
          "age": "22"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "pu58P24BbiLEFIdngUnX",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "PhamHoangViet",
          "age": "21"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "p-59P24BbiLEFIdnPUma",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Nguyễn Trần Trung Quân",
          "age": "21"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "qO59P24BbiLEFIdnbkkO",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Đặng Tấn Sĩ",
          "age": "21"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "qe5_P24BbiLEFIdnDknH",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Văn Trung",
          "age": "34"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "qu5_P24BbiLEFIdnZkm3",
        "_score": 1.0,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Phạm Nguyễn Minh Quân",
          "age": "34"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

我用关键字“TrungQuân”搜索:

http://localhost:9200/my_index2/_search?q=name:Trung+Quân

结果如下:

{
  "took": 6,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 3,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 2.19989,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "p-59P24BbiLEFIdnPUma",
        "_score": 2.19989,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Nguyễn Trần Trung Quân",
          "age": "21"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "qe5_P24BbiLEFIdnDknH",
        "_score": 1.497693,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Văn Trung",
          "age": "34"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "qu5_P24BbiLEFIdnZkm3",
        "_score": 1.099945,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Phạm Nguyễn Minh Quân",
          "age": "34"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

它检索包含单词“Trung”或单词“Quân”的所有结果。现在，我如何配置索引，以便结果包含“Trung”和“Quân”，如下所示:

{
  "took": 9,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": {
      "value": 2,
      "relation": "eq"
    },
    "max_score": 2.6052008,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "my_index2",
        "_type": "_doc",
        "_id": "p-59P24BbiLEFIdnPUma",
        "_score": 2.6052008,
        "_source": {
          "name": "Nguyễn Trần Trung Quân",
          "age": "21"
        }
      }

    ]
  }
}

Answer 1

在您的示例中，name被映射为一个多字段，这意味着它在Elasticsearch中存储了两次:

曾经针对全文搜索(称为name)和

优化过

曾经针对分析和精确匹配进行了优化(称为name.keyword)

如果您只对精确匹配搜索和 而不是全文搜索感兴趣，则可以通过“固定”映射来实现。只需将 name映射为 keyword类型的字段并重新索引您的文档即可。映射字段 name:

"name": {
    "type": "keyword"
}

如果要保留全文本搜索功能(在对 name -field进行查询时)，应保持映射不变，并尝试以下查询之一:

＃1使用短语搜索的示例:
(不需要完全匹配，但两个词都需要以正确的顺序/顺序匹配。使用双引号)

http://localhost:9200/my_index2/_search?q=name:"Trung Quân"

＃2使用完全匹配的示例:
(姓名必须从头到尾匹配，且大小写完全相同)

http://localhost:9200/my_index2/_search?q=name.keyword:"Trung Quân"