.net - 系统丢失方法异常 : Method not found: 'Void Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.MemoryCache..ctor'

Question

我有一个使用 .net6 的新项目，其中包含 Azure Function v4 以及共享项目库的 aspnet core mvc api。我还使用 EF Core 6.0.19 进行依赖项注入(inject)(注入(inject) dbcontext 工厂)。

在我的 Azure 函数中，访问 DbContext 时出现以下错误，我无法理解原因。

我已尝试过 EF Core 6.0.18 和 6.0.0，但仍然遇到相同的错误。

错误

Error: System.MissingMethodException: Method not found: 'Void Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.MemoryCache..ctor(Microsoft.Extensions.Options.IOptions`1<Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.MemoryCacheOptions>)'.
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure.EntityFrameworkServicesBuilder.<>c.<TryAddCoreServices>b__8_10(IServiceProvider p)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitRootCache(ServiceCallSite callSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteVisitor`2.VisitCallSite(ServiceCallSite callSite, TArgument argument)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitConstructor(ConstructorCallSite constructorCallSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitRootCache(ServiceCallSite callSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteVisitor`2.VisitCallSite(ServiceCallSite callSite, TArgument argument)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitConstructor(ConstructorCallSite constructorCallSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitRootCache(ServiceCallSite callSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteVisitor`2.VisitCallSite(ServiceCallSite callSite, TArgument argument)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitConstructor(ConstructorCallSite constructorCallSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitCache(ServiceCallSite callSite, RuntimeResolverContext context, ServiceProviderEngineScope serviceProviderEngine, RuntimeResolverLock lockType)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.VisitScopeCache(ServiceCallSite callSite, RuntimeResolverContext context)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteVisitor`2.VisitCallSite(ServiceCallSite callSite, TArgument argument)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver.Resolve(ServiceCallSite callSite, ServiceProviderEngineScope scope)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.DynamicServiceProviderEngine.<>c__DisplayClass2_0.<RealizeService>b__0(ServiceProviderEngineScope scope)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.GetService(Type serviceType, ServiceProviderEngineScope serviceProviderEngineScope)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProviderServiceExtensions.GetRequiredService(IServiceProvider provider, Type serviceType)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProviderServiceExtensions.GetRequiredService[T](IServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.DbContextServices.CreateModel(Boolean designTime)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.DbContextServices.get_Model()
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.InternalDbSet`1.get_EntityType()
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.InternalDbSet`1.get_EntityQueryable()
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.InternalDbSet`1.System.Linq.IQueryable.get_Provider()
   at System.Linq.Queryable.Where[TSource](IQueryable`1 source, Expression`1 predicate)
   at MyProject.Data.Repositories.Mobile.MyRepository.Find(Guid installationID) in C:\Users\SamSneed\source\repos\MyProject_api.Sam.Sneed\MyProject.Data\Repositories\Mobile\MyRepository.cs:line 29

这是发生错误的 MyRepository.cs 类。

        private readonly DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> _options;

        public MyRepository(
            IRepositoryDependencyProvider repositoryDependencyProvider,
            DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> options) 
            : base(repositoryDependencyProvider)
        {
            _options = options;
        }

        public MobileInstallation Find(Guid installationID)
        {
            using var context = new MyDbContext(_options, _currentUser, _dbConnectionService);
            var userID = CurrentUser.GetUserID();
            // Fails on the next line
            return context.MobileInstallations.Where(r => r.InstallationID == installationID && r.UserID == userID).FirstOrDefault(); 
        }

这是我在函数和 api 之间共享的启动代码中的 DI:

            services.AddDbContextFactory<MyDbContext>((options) => {
                options.UseSqlServer(r => r.UseNetTopologySuite());
            }, ServiceLifetime.Transient);

MyDbContext.cs(从 Multi-Tenancy 分片数据获取用户的连接字符串)

        private readonly ClaimsPrincipal _principal;
        private readonly int? _shardID;
        private readonly IDbConnectionService _dbConnectionService;

        public MyDbContext(DbContextOptions<MyDbContext> options, IPrincipal principal, IDbConnectionService dbConnectionService, int? shardID = null) : base(options)
        {
            _shardID = shardID;
            _principal = (ClaimsPrincipal)principal;
            _dbConnectionService = dbConnectionService;
        }

        protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
        {
            int? shardID = _shardID ?? _principal.GetShardID();
            if (shardID.HasValue)
            {
                optionsBuilder
                    .UseSqlServer(_dbConnectionService.SqlConnection(shardID.Value), (x) => x.UseNetTopologySuite())
                    ;
            }
        }

Function.csproj

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
    <PropertyGroup>
        <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
        <AzureFunctionsVersion>v4</AzureFunctionsVersion>
        <_FunctionsSkipCleanOutput>true</_FunctionsSkipCleanOutput>
    </PropertyGroup>
    <ItemGroup>
        <PackageReference Include="AutoMapper" Version="12.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Extensions" Version="1.1.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.ServiceBus" Version="5.10.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" Version="6.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Abstractions" Version="6.0.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.AzureAppConfiguration" Version="6.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Http" Version="6.0.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="6.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Functions" Version="4.2.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Azure.Storage.Blobs" Version="12.16.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt" Version="6.30.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="6.0.19" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="6.0.19" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.NetTopologySuite" Version="6.0.19" />
    </ItemGroup>
    <ItemGroup>
        <None Update="host.json">
            <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
        </None>
        <None Update="local.settings.json">
            <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
            <CopyToPublishDirectory>Never</CopyToPublishDirectory>
        </None>
    </ItemGroup>
</Project>

MVC.csproj

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <GenerateDocumentationFile>True</GenerateDocumentationFile>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="AspNetCoreMigrationShims.NewtonsoftJson.NetFrameworkCompatibility" Version="1.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="AutoMapper.Extensions.Microsoft.DependencyInjection" Version="12.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.AspNetCore" Version="2.21.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer" Version="6.0.15" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="6.0.19" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.NewtonsoftJson" Version="6.0.19" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OData" Version="8.1.2" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.AppConfiguration.AspNetCore" Version="6.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.AzureAppConfiguration" Version="6.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="6.2.3" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

SharedStartup.csproj

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
  </PropertyGroup>
    <ItemGroup>
        <PackageReference Include="AutoMapper" Version="12.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Azure.Storage.Files.DataLake" Version="12.14.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Extensions" Version="1.1.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.ServiceBus" Version="5.10.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" Version="6.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Abstractions" Version="6.0.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.AzureAppConfiguration" Version="6.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="7.0.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" Version="7.0.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.AspNetCore" Version="2.21.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="AutoMapper.Extensions.Microsoft.DependencyInjection" Version="12.0.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="SendGrid.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="1.0.1" />
    </ItemGroup>
</Project>

Answer 1

将 SharedStartup.csproj 中的 7.0.0 包更改为适用于 .net6。

改变

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="7.0.0" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" Version="7.0.0" />

至

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="6.0.1" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Abstractions" Version="6.0.0" />