maven - 为什么列出插件的目标而不绑定(bind)到阶段？

Question

请考虑摘自 jacoco 示例的 pom 摘录 ( http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/trunk/doc/examples/build/pom-it.xml )

    <plugins>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
        <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>0.7.5-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <id>default-prepare-agent</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                </goals>
            </execution>
            <execution>
                <id>default-prepare-agent-integration</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>prepare-agent-integration</goal>
                </goals>
            </execution>
            <execution>
                <id>default-report</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>report</goal>
                </goals>
            </execution>
            <execution>
                <id>default-report-integration</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>report-integration</goal>
                </goals>
            </execution>
            <execution>
                <id>default-check</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>check</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <rules>
                        <!--  implmentation is needed only for Maven 2  -->
                        <rule implementation="org.jacoco.maven.RuleConfiguration">
                            <element>BUNDLE</element>
                            <limits>
                                <!--  implmentation is needed only for Maven 2  -->
                                <limit implementation="org.jacoco.report.check.Limit">
                                    <counter>COMPLEXITY</counter>
                                    <value>COVEREDRATIO</value>
                                    <minimum>0.60</minimum>
                                </limit>
                            </limits>
                        </rule>
                    </rules>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.16</version>
    </plugin>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.16</version>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <id>default-integration-test</id>
                <goals>
                    <goal>integration-test</goal>
                </goals>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>
</plugins>

现在我知道你可以将插件的目标绑定(bind)到 Maven 阶段，即当 Maven 执行特定阶段时运行该目标。

仅列出 Maven 故障安全插件的集成测试目标而不将其绑定(bind)到某些东西有什么意义？

与 jacoco 报告和其他目标相同吗？我认为您不能强制插件只执行那些列出的目标，对吗？

非常感谢

Answer 1

重点是插件可以定义默认的生命周期阶段，其中绑定(bind)了适当的目标(许多插件都这样做)。在这种情况下，您不需要在 pom 文件中显式指定生命周期阶段。

例如 maven-failsafe-plugin有目标integration-test 。该目标默认绑定(bind)到integration-test生命周期阶段。以下是文档的摘录:

Description:

Run integration tests using Surefire. Attributes:

• Requires a Maven project to be executed.
• Requires dependency resolution of artifacts in scope: test.
• The goal is thread-safe and supports parallel builds.
• Binds by default to the lifecycle phase: integration-test.

这就是为什么您不需要在配置中给出生命周期阶段的原因，如下所示:

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.18.1</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>default-integration-test</id>
            <goals>
                <goal>integration-test</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

这同样适用于 jacoco maven 插件。