excel - 用于创建 excel 数据透视表的 powershell 脚本

Question

我在 Excel 工作表上进行透视时遇到问题，我不确定自己做错了什么。
这是我使用的powershell代码

# requires excell COM 
#Create excel COM object
$excel = New-Object -ComObject excel.application

#Make Visible
$excel.Visible = $True

#Add a workbook
$workbook = $excel.Workbooks.Add()

#Remove other worksheets
1..2 | ForEach {
    $Workbook.worksheets.item(2).Delete()
}

#Connect to first worksheet to rename and make active
$serverInfoSheet = $workbook.Worksheets.Item(1)
$serverInfoSheet.Name = 'DiskInformation'
$serverInfoSheet.Activate() | Out-Null


#Create a Title for the first worksheet and adjust the font
$row = 1
$Column = 1

#Create a header for Disk Space Report; set each cell to Bold and add a background color
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= 'ColumnA'
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Interior.ColorIndex =48
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Font.Bold=$True
$Column++
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= 'ColumnB'
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Interior.ColorIndex =48
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Font.Bold=$True
$Column++


#Now it is time to add the data into the worksheet!
#Increment Row and reset Column back to first column
$row++
$Column = 1

    $serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= "a"
    $Column++
    $serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= "b"
    $Column++
    
    #Increment to next row and reset Column to 1
    $Column = 1
    $row++

    

# rename workbook
$workbook = $workbook
#$workbook = $excel.Workbooks.Add()

# Get sheets
$ws3 = $workbook.worksheets | where {$_.name -eq "DiskInformation"} #<------- Selects sheet 3


$xlPivotTableVersion12     = 3
$xlPivotTableVersion10     = 1
$xlCount                 = -4112
$xlDescending             = 2
$xlDatabase                = 1
$xlHidden                  = 0
$xlRowField                = 1
$xlColumnField             = 2
$xlPageField               = 3
$xlDataField               = 4    
# R1C1 means Row 1 Column 1 or "A1"
# R65536C5 means Row 65536 Column E or "E65536"
$PivotTable = $workbook.PivotCaches().Create($xlDatabase,"Report!R1C1:R65536C5",$xlPivotTableVersion10)
$PivotTable.CreatePivotTable("Pivot!R1C1") | Out-Null 
[void]$ws3.Select()
$ws3.Cells.Item(3,1).Select()
$workbook.ShowPivotTableFieldList = $true 

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables('Tables1') #.PivotFields("Computername") # Worksheet Name is Server
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlRowField
$PivotFields.Position = 1 

这是我收到的错误消息

Exception calling "CreatePivotTable" with "1" argument(s): "Theparameter is incorrect. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007 0057(E_INVALIDARG))" Property 'Orientation' cannot be found on thisobject; make sure it exists and is settable. AtC:\ASM\scripts\Powershell\TEST\test_excel4.ps1:80 char:14

• $PivotFields. <<<< Orientation = $xlRowField
  • CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Orientation:String) [], RuntimeException
  • FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound

Property 'Position' cannot be found on this object; make sure itexists and is settable. AtC:\ASM\scripts\Powershell\TEST\test_excel4.ps1:81 char:14

• $PivotFields. <<<< Position = 1
  • CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Position:String) [], RuntimeException
  • FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound

Answer 1

创建数据透视表和字段时存在一些问题。

首先，最好在表格中准确选择所需的行和列，而无需选择整个电子表格。

一个很好的方法是从一个范围开始，然后让 Excel 选择每个单元格，直到找到一个空单元格，如下所示:

$range1=$ws3.range("A1")
$range1=$ws3.Range($range1,$range1.End($xlDirection::xlDown))

注意 $xlDirection 的定义作为

$xlDirection = [Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XLDirection]

对于第二列:

$range2=$ws3.range("B1")
$range2=$ws3.Range($range2,$range2.End($xlDirection::xlDown))

并将它们组合成一个选择:

$selection = $ws3.Range($range1, $range2)

然后在创建数据透视表时，给它一个名称(即 "Tables1" )很重要。稍后我们将使用该名称来引用它:

$PivotTable.CreatePivotTable("R1C6","Tables1") | Out-Null 

最后，我们要定义数据透视表中的哪个字段做什么以及它的位置是什么。在我们的例子中，我们希望该列既是 $xlRowField 又是 $xlDataField ，我们只需覆盖下面的值:

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnA")
$PivotFields.Position = 1
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlRowField
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField

这是整个代码:

# requires excell COM 
#Create excel COM object
$excel = New-Object -ComObject excel.application

#Make Visible
$excel.Visible = $True

#Add a workbook
$workbook = $excel.Workbooks.Add()

#Remove other worksheets
1..2 | ForEach {
    $Workbook.worksheets.item(2).Delete()
}

#Connect to first worksheet to rename and make active
$serverInfoSheet = $workbook.Worksheets.Item(1)
$serverInfoSheet.Name = 'DiskInformation'
$serverInfoSheet.Activate() | Out-Null


#Create a Title for the first worksheet and adjust the font
$row = 1
$Column = 1

#Create a header for Disk Space Report; set each cell to Bold and add a background color
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= 'ColumnA'
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Interior.ColorIndex =48
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Font.Bold=$True
$Column++
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= 'ColumnB'
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Interior.ColorIndex =48
$serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column).Font.Bold=$True
$Column++


#Now it is time to add the data into the worksheet!
#Increment Row and reset Column back to first column
$row++
$Column = 1

    $serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= "a"
    $Column++
    $serverInfoSheet.Cells.Item($row,$column)= "b"
    $Column++

    #Increment to next row and reset Column to 1
    $Column = 1
    $row++



# rename workbook
$workbook = $workbook
#$workbook = $excel.Workbooks.Add()

# Get sheets
$ws3 = $workbook.worksheets | where {$_.name -eq "DiskInformation"} #<------- Selects sheet 3


$xlPivotTableVersion12     = 3
$xlPivotTableVersion10     = 1
$xlCount                 = -4112
$xlDescending             = 2
$xlDatabase                = 1
$xlHidden                  = 0
$xlRowField                = 1
$xlColumnField             = 2
$xlPageField               = 3
$xlDataField               = 4    
$xlDirection        = [Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XLDirection]
# R1C1 means Row 1 Column 1 or "A1"
# R65536C5 means Row 65536 Column E or "E65536"

$range1=$ws3.range("A1")
$range1=$ws3.Range($range1,$range1.End($xlDirection::xlDown))
$range2=$ws3.range("B1")
$range2=$ws3.Range($range2,$range2.End($xlDirection::xlDown))
$selection = $ws3.Range($range1, $range2)

$PivotTable = $workbook.PivotCaches().Create($xlDatabase,$selection,$xlPivotTableVersion10)
$PivotTable.CreatePivotTable("R1C6","Tables1") | Out-Null 
[void]$ws3.Select()
$ws3.Cells.Item(3,1).Select()
$workbook.ShowPivotTableFieldList = $true 

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnA")

$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlRowField
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnB")

$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlRowField
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField

编辑:

字段自定义的示例如下:

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnA")
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlHidden
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnB")
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlHidden
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField

或者这个

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnA")
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlPageField
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField

$PivotFields = $ws3.PivotTables("Tables1").PivotFields("ColumnB")
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlPageField
$PivotFields.Orientation = $xlDataField