azure - 为什么azure网站需要Owin？

Question

我创建了一个简单的 WebApi 项目，它不引用 MVC 和所有内容，也不需要 Owin 或任何我还不理解的东西。它在 IIS Express 上运行正常，但是一旦我部署到云，它就会显示

"Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Owin' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)"

任何地方都没有提及 Owin。

好的。我添加了 Owin 包，但 NuGet 目前只有 2.0.2.0 包，但由于某种原因它需要 3.0.0.0。

[FileLoadException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Owin' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)]

[FileLoadException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Owin, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)] System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +0 System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +34 System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(AssemblyName assemblyRef, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +152 System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(String assemblyString, Evidence assemblySecurity, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean forIntrospection) +77 System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoad(String assemblyString, Evidence assemblySecurity, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean forIntrospection) +16 System.Reflection.Assembly.Load(String assemblyString) +28 System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssemblyHelper(String assemblyName, Boolean starDirective) +38

[ConfigurationErrorsException: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Owin, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)] System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssemblyHelper(String assemblyName, Boolean starDirective) +736 System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAllAssembliesFromAppDomainBinDirectory() +217 System.Web.Configuration.CompilationSection.LoadAssembly(AssemblyInfo ai) +130 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetReferencedAssemblies(CompilationSection compConfig) +170 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetPreStartInitMethodsFromReferencedAssemblies() +91 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.CallPreStartInitMethods(String preStartInitListPath, Boolean& isRefAssemblyLoaded) +284 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.ExecutePreAppStart() +153 System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.Initialize(ApplicationManager appManager, IApplicationHost appHost, IConfigMapPathFactory configMapPathFactory, HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters, PolicyLevel policyLevel, Exception appDomainCreationException) +521

[HttpException (0x80004005): Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Owin, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)] System.Web.HttpRuntime.FirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +9930568 System.Web.HttpRuntime.EnsureFirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +101 System.Web.HttpRuntime.ProcessRequestNotificationPrivate(IIS7WorkerRequest wr, HttpContext context) +254

我终于解决了这个问题

1. 添加 Owin 包
2. 明确 Owin 绑定(bind)到版本 2.0.1.0
3. 从启动中删除 Owin。

但这是我不明白的事情。 (在我将 Visual Studio 2013 更新到 Update 4 后开始发生)

Answer 1

OWIN 是 Microsoft 使用的 .NET Web 服务器和 Web 应用程序之间的标准接口(interface)，因为它们通过 ASP.NET Web Stack“完全”开源。我认为自 Visual Studio 2013 Update 4 起，OWIN 包就成为 ASP.NET WEB.API 项目的必需项。

您可以在此处找到有关 OWIN 的更多信息:http://coding.abel.nu/2014/05/whats-this-owin-stuff-about/