Java Swing API - 两个 JPanel 如何相互通信？

Question

这是我与 Java Swing 相关的第二篇文章，如果我的问题太简单了，请原谅我。我正在尝试让多个 JPanel 相互通信。我正在构建一个简单的 2D 网格，可以向其中添加墙壁/阻挡单元，然后运行简单的 Floodfill/A* 搜索算法(给定起始位置和目标位置)。

为了隔离我的问题，我决定使用示例会更容易。因此，我创建了一个简单的应用程序，允许用户写入文本框，假设他/她单击了“开始”按钮。一旦写入文本框完成，用户可以单击“开始”按钮将其翻转到“停止”状态。在“停止”状态下，用户无法向文本框添加任何文本(即应用程序根本不应该注册任何击键)。这是一个简单的问题，却真正提出了我的问题。现在的 UI 如下所示:

我的问题:当按钮显示“停止”(因为处于编辑模式)时，我应该能够书写，并且我当按钮显示“开始”时，不应该能够在文本区域中书写(因为它不是编辑模式)。但是，从上面的图像中，您可以看到我无论如何都可以在文本区域中书写。那么如何使文本区域的编辑依赖按钮状态？

这是我的代码，尝试在按钮面板和文本面板之间建立连接，但不知何故它没有按预期工作。

我查看了 StackOverflow 帖子 here和 here ，但坦率地说，我似乎并不清楚答案。

简单文本面板:

public class SimpleTextPanel extends JPanel implements PropertyChangeListener, ChangeListener {


    private boolean canWrite;
    public SimpleTextPanel() {

        // set the border properties
        canWrite = true;
        TitledBorder title = BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Simple Text Panel");
        title.setTitleColor(Color.BLACK);
        title.setBorder(BorderFactory.createBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,
                Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.GRAY));
        this.setBorder(title);

        JTextArea editSpace = new JTextArea(10, 20);
        editSpace.setEditable(true);
        editSpace.addPropertyChangeListener(this);
        this.add(editSpace);
    }

    @Override
    public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent changeEvent) {
        JButton button = (JButton)changeEvent.getSource();
        canWrite = button.getText().equals("Start");
    }

    @Override
    public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent propertyChangeEvent) {
        JTextArea area = (JTextArea)propertyChangeEvent.getSource();
        if(!canWrite) area.setText((String)propertyChangeEvent.getOldValue());
    }
}

简单按钮面板:

public class SimpleButtonPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

    JButton switchButton;
    private boolean canWrite = true;

    public SimpleButtonPanel(SimpleTextPanel txt) {

        // set the border properties
        TitledBorder title = BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Simple Button Panel");
        title.setTitleColor(Color.BLACK);
        title.setBorder(BorderFactory.createBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,
                Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.GRAY));
        this.setBorder(title);

        switchButton = new JButton("Start");
        switchButton.addActionListener(this);
        switchButton.addChangeListener(txt);
        this.add(switchButton);
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
        if(switchButton.getText().equals("Start")) {
            switchButton.setText("Stop");
            canWrite = false;
        } else if(switchButton.getText().equals("Stop")) {
            switchButton.setText("Start");
            canWrite = true;
        }
    }
}

简单示例测试:

public class SimpleExampleTest extends JFrame {

    public SimpleExampleTest() {

        setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setTitle("Simple Example");
        setSize(300, 300);
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        SimpleTextPanel text = new SimpleTextPanel();
        SimpleButtonPanel button = new SimpleButtonPanel(text);

        add(text, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        add(button, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        //button.addPropertyChangeListener(text); // so that text editor knows whether to allow writing or not
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                SimpleExampleTest ex = new SimpleExampleTest();
                ex.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
}

感谢任何/所有帮助。谢谢你!

Answer 1

一种方法是设计一个可以由小组共享的模型。

文本面板只想知道当前状态是什么以及该状态何时发生变化。按钮面板想要知道状态何时发生变化，并且也希望能够改变状态。

这将两个面板彼此解耦，因为它们并不真正关心状态如何更改或由谁更改，只关心它们可以相应地响应更改...

此外，模型并不关心它们中的任何一个，它只是携带状态并在状态更改时提供通知。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
import javax.swing.border.BevelBorder;
import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;

public class TalkToEachOther {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TalkToEachOther();
    }

    public TalkToEachOther() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Simple Example");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

                MutableSimpleModel model = new DefaultSimpleModel();

                SimpleTextPanel text = new SimpleTextPanel(model);
                SimpleButtonPanel button = new SimpleButtonPanel(model);

                frame.add(text, BorderLayout.NORTH);
                frame.add(button, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
                //button.addPropertyChangeListener(text); // so that text editor knows whether to allow writing or not
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public interface SimpleModel {

        public boolean isEditable();

        public void addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener);
        public void removePropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener);

    }

    public interface MutableSimpleModel extends SimpleModel {

        public void setEditable(boolean editable);

    }

    public class DefaultSimpleModel implements MutableSimpleModel {

        private Set<PropertyChangeListener> listeners;
        private boolean editable;

        public DefaultSimpleModel() {
            listeners = new HashSet<>(25);
        }

        @Override
        public void setEditable(boolean value) {
            if (value != editable) {
                editable = value;
                firePropertyChange("editable", !editable, editable);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isEditable() {
            return editable;
        }

        @Override
        public void addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener) {
            listeners.add(listener);
        }

        @Override
        public void removePropertyChangeListener(PropertyChangeListener listener) {
            listeners.remove(listener);
        }

        protected void firePropertyChange(String editable, boolean oldValue, boolean newValue) {
            PropertyChangeEvent evt = new PropertyChangeEvent(this, editable, oldValue, newValue);
            for (PropertyChangeListener listener : listeners) {
                listener.propertyChange(evt);
            }
        }

    }

    public class SimpleTextPanel extends JPanel {

        private SimpleModel model;
        private JTextArea editSpace = new JTextArea(10, 20);

        public SimpleTextPanel(SimpleModel model) {

            this.model = model;
            model.addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() {
                @Override
                public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) {
                    updateEditableState();
                }
            });
            setLayout(new BorderLayout());

            // set the border properties
            TitledBorder title = BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Simple Text Panel");
            title.setTitleColor(Color.BLACK);
            title.setBorder(BorderFactory.createBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,
                            Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.GRAY));
            this.setBorder(title);

            editSpace = new JTextArea(10, 20);
            this.add(new JScrollPane(editSpace));

            updateEditableState();
        }

        protected void updateEditableState() {
            editSpace.setEditable(model.isEditable());
        }
    }

    public class SimpleButtonPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

        private MutableSimpleModel model;
        private boolean canWrite = true;

        private JButton switchButton;

        public SimpleButtonPanel(MutableSimpleModel model) {

            this.model = model;
            model.addPropertyChangeListener(new PropertyChangeListener() {
                @Override
                public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) {
                    updateEditableState();
                }
            });

            // set the border properties
            TitledBorder title = BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Simple Button Panel");
            title.setTitleColor(Color.BLACK);
            title.setBorder(BorderFactory.createBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,
                            Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.GRAY));
            this.setBorder(title);

            switchButton = new JButton("Start");
            switchButton.addActionListener(this);
            this.add(switchButton);

            updateEditableState();
        }


        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
            model.setEditable(!model.isEditable());
        }

        protected void updateEditableState() {
            if (model.isEditable()) {
                switchButton.setText("Stop");
            } else {
                switchButton.setText("Start");
            }
        }
    }
}