powershell - 如何在执行静默安装时异步运行进度条？

Question

目标:

我想在等待静默安装时异步运行进度条(显示耗时/估计时间)。例如，

RunWithProgressBar "cmd /c """" /Wait ""Setup.exe""" $(New-Timespan -Minutes 5)

最近的我来了:

## Functions

function global:BottleOfBeer {
  $beer = $args[0]
  if ($beer -eq 1) {
    echo "$beer beer on the wall.";
  } elseif ($beer -eq 0) {
    echo "No beer left on the wall!";
  } else {
    echo "$beer beers left on the wall.";
  }
  sleep 1
}

function global:BeersOnTheWall {
  $NumBeers = $args[0]
  for ($i=$NumBeers; $i -ge 0; $i--) {
    BottleOfBeer $i
  }
}

function global:Install {
    cmd /c @"
        "AutoHotkey112306_Install.exe" /S /D="%cd%"
"@
}

function global:Uninstall {
    cmd /c start "" /wait "Installer.ahk" /Uninstall
}

####START Progress Bar Stuff
function global:DisplayProgress {
  $display = $args[0]
  Write-Progress    -Activity "Running..." -Status "$display"
}

function global:FormatDisplay {
  $StartTime = $args[0]
  $RunningTime = ($args[1]).Elapsed
  $EstimatedTime = $args[2]
  $RunningTimeDisplay = $([string]::Format("{0:d2}:{1:d2}:{2:d2}",
    $RunningTime.hours, 
    $RunningTime.minutes, 
    $RunningTime.seconds))
  $EstimatedEnd = $StartTime + $EstimatedTime
  return $([string]::Format("(Start: {0}) (Elapsed/Estimated: {1}/{2}) (EstimatedEnd: {3})",
    $StartTime.ToShortTimeString(), 
    $RunningTimeDisplay, 
    $EstimatedTime,
    $EstimatedEnd.ToShortTimeString()))
}

function global:TearDownProgressBar {
  $job = $args[0]
  $event = $args[1]
  $job,$event | Stop-Job -PassThru | Remove-Job #stop the job and event listener
  Write-Progress -Activity "Working..." -Completed -Status "All done."
}

function RunWithProgressBar {
  $Payload = $args[0]
  $EstimatedTime = $args[1]

  $global:StartTime = Get-Date
  $global:RunningTime = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
  $global:EstimatedTime = $EstimatedTime

  $progressTask = {
    while($true) {
      Register-EngineEvent -SourceIdentifier MyNewMessage -Forward
      $null = New-Event -SourceIdentifier MyNewMessage -MessageData "Pingback from job."
      Start-Sleep -Seconds 1
    }
  }

  $job = Start-Job -ScriptBlock $progressTask
  $event = Register-EngineEvent -SourceIdentifier MyNewMessage -Action {
    DisplayProgress $(FormatDisplay $global:StartTime $global:RunningTime $global:EstimatedTime)
  }

  try {
    sleep 1
    Invoke-Expression $Payload
  } finally {
    TearDownProgressBar $job $event
  }
}
####END Progress Bar Stuff

## MAIN

RunWithProgressBar "BeersOnTheWall 2"  $(New-Timespan -Seconds 3)
RunWithProgressBar "Install"  $(New-Timespan -Seconds 30)
RunWithProgressBar "Uninstall"  $(New-Timespan -Seconds 5)
RunWithProgressBar "BeersOnTheWall 2"  $(New-Timespan -Seconds 3)

问题

尽管上述实现按预期运行，但只要 RunWithProgressBar 的有效载荷参数是一个更新进度条停止被触发的安装事件。

我在寻找什么:

如何修改我当前的实现以每秒更新进度条，即使在执行安装时也是如此？

Answer 1

我觉得你正试图在你的 RunWithProgressBar 中重新发明轮子功能:

 $progressTask = {
    while($true) {
      Register-EngineEvent -SourceIdentifier MyNewMessage -Forward
      $null = New-Event -SourceIdentifier MyNewMessage -MessageData "Pingback from job."
      Start-Sleep -Seconds 1
    }
  }

  $job = Start-Job -ScriptBlock $progressTask
  $event = Register-EngineEvent -SourceIdentifier MyNewMessage -Action {
    DisplayProgress $(FormatDisplay $global:StartTime $global:RunningTime $global:EstimatedTime)
  }

这基本上是一个 计时器 并且可以重构:

$timer = new-object timers.timer     
$action = {DisplayProgress $(FormatDisplay $global:StartTime $global:RunningTime $global:EstimatedTime)} 
$timer.Interval = 1000 
Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject $timer -EventName elapsed –SourceIdentifier thetimer -Action $action | out-null
$timer.Start()

但是，要解决您的问题，您可以在作业中执行任务并等待它们完成。

与其将函数公开，不如考虑在 scriptblock 中定义它们。 :

$initializationScriptBlock = {
    $functions = @{        
        Install = {
            cmd /c '"AutoHotkey112306_Install.exe" /S /D="%cd%"'
        }

        BottleOfBeer = {
          $beer = $args[0]
          if ($beer -eq 1) {
            echo "$beer beer on the wall.";
          } elseif ($beer -eq 0) {
            echo "No beer left on the wall!";
          } else {
            echo "$beer beers left on the wall.";
          }
          sleep 1
        }

        BeersOnTheWall = {
            $NumBeers = $args[0]
            for ($i=$NumBeers; $i -ge 0; $i--) 
            {
                BottleOfBeer $i
            }
        }

        Uninstall =  {
            cmd /c start "" /wait "Installer.ahk" /Uninstall
        }
    }
}

现在，而不是 Invoke-Expression $Payload您通过 initializationScriptBlock 开始新工作和实际功能 $functionToExecute作为 scriptblock执行:

$executingJob =  start-Job -InitializationScript $initializationScriptBlock -ScriptBlock $functionToExecute 
while ((Get-job $executingJob.Id).State -eq 'Running')
{
    sleep 1;
}

您的 RunWithProgressBar现在使用 PowerShell 的函数-like函数定义:

function RunWithProgressBar 
{
    Param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)]
        [scriptblock]$functionToExecute,

        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
        [timespan]$EstimatedTime
    )
....
}

请考虑更改脚本的其余部分以提高可读性。

要调用带有进度条的函数，首先必须加载 initializationScriptBlock到当前运行空间:

. $initializationScriptBlock

现在您可以像这样调用函数:

RunWithProgressBar $functions.BottleOfBeer (New-Timespan -Seconds 3)
RunWithProgressBar $functions.Install (New-Timespan -Seconds 30)

您的整个脚本现在看起来像这样:

## Functions
$initializationScriptBlock = {
    $functions = @{

        Install = {
        Sleep 5
        <#cmd /c @"
        "AutoHotkey112306_Install.exe" /S /D="%cd%"
"@#>
        }

        BottleOfBeer = {
          $beer = $args[0]
          if ($beer -eq 1) {
            echo "$beer beer on the wall.";
          } elseif ($beer -eq 0) {
            echo "No beer left on the wall!";
          } else {
            echo "$beer beers left on the wall.";
          }
          sleep 1
        }

        BeersOnTheWall = {
            $NumBeers = $args[0]
            for ($i=$NumBeers; $i -ge 0; $i--) 
            {
                BottleOfBeer $i
            }
        }

        Uninstall =  {
            cmd /c start "" /wait "Installer.ahk" /Uninstall
        }

    }

}

####START Progress Bar Stuff
function global:DisplayProgress {
  $display = $args[0]
  Write-Progress    -Activity "Running..." -Status "$display"
}

function global:FormatDisplay {
  $StartTime = $args[0]
  $RunningTime = ($args[1]).Elapsed
  $EstimatedTime = $args[2]
  $RunningTimeDisplay = $([string]::Format("{0:d2}:{1:d2}:{2:d2}",
    $RunningTime.hours, 
    $RunningTime.minutes, 
    $RunningTime.seconds))
  $EstimatedEnd = $StartTime + $EstimatedTime
  return $([string]::Format("(Start: {0}) (Elapsed/Estimated: {1}/{2}) (EstimatedEnd: {3})",
    $StartTime.ToShortTimeString(), 
    $RunningTimeDisplay, 
    $EstimatedTime,
    $EstimatedEnd.ToShortTimeString()))
}


function RunWithProgressBar 
{
    Param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=0)]
        [scriptblock]$functionToExecute,

        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=1)]
        [timespan]$EstimatedTime
    )

  $global:StartTime = Get-Date
  $global:RunningTime = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
  $global:EstimatedTime = $EstimatedTime


  $timer = new-object timers.timer 

    $action = {DisplayProgress $(FormatDisplay $global:StartTime $global:RunningTime $global:EstimatedTime)} 
    $timer.Interval = 1000  

    Register-ObjectEvent -InputObject $timer -EventName elapsed –SourceIdentifier thetimer -Action $action | out-null

    $timer.Start()

  try {
    $executingJob =  start-Job -InitializationScript $initializationScriptBlock -ScriptBlock $functionToExecute
    while ((Get-job $executingJob.Id).State -eq 'Running')
    {
        sleep 1;
    }

  } finally {
    $timer.stop() 

    Unregister-Event thetimer
  }
}
####END Progress Bar Stuff

## MAIN
. $initializationScriptBlock

RunWithProgressBar $functions.BottleOfBeer (New-Timespan -Seconds 3)
RunWithProgressBar $functions.Install (New-Timespan -Seconds 30)
RunWithProgressBar $functions.Uninstall (New-Timespan -Seconds 5)
RunWithProgressBar $functions.BeersOnTheWall (New-Timespan -Seconds 3)

你的脚本现在应该可以工作了，即使还有很多需要重构的地方。 G。函数名、作用域

回复您的评论:

1.) 您可以使用 Receive-Job在循环中检索输出:

$executingJob =  start-Job -InitializationScript $initializationScriptBlock -ScriptBlock $functionToExecute
while ((Get-job $executingJob.Id).State -eq 'Running')
{
    Receive-Job $executingJob.Id
    sleep 1;
}
Receive-Job $executingJob.Id

2.)
执行 $initializationScriptBlock 后使用:

. $initializationScriptBlock

您可以使用任何功能:

& $functions.BottleOfBeer