powershell - Powershell 5.0/Windows 10 Get-Command空引用异常

Question

我重新安装了Win10和Powershell 5.0。我已经运行了更新帮助，大多数情况下都可以正常工作；但是，无论我处于常规模式还是提升模式，Get-Command都会返回空引用异常。我还尝试了使用-noprofile从Run运行Powershell，但在用户模式和提升模式下我仍然遇到相同的错误。以下是一些其他信息:

PS Z:\> Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem | Select-Object -Property Version, ServicePackMajorVersion, ServicePackMinorVersion

Version    ServicePackMajorVersion ServicePackMinorVersion
-------    ----------------------- -----------------------
10.0.10586                       0                       0

PS Z:\> $PSVersionTable

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      5.0.10586.122
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0...}
BuildVersion                   10.0.10586.122
CLRVersion                     4.0.30319.42000
WSManStackVersion              3.0
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1

PS Z:\> get-command
>> TerminatingError(Get-Command): "Object reference not set to an instance of an object."
get-command : Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
At line:1 char:1
+ get-command
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-Command], NullReferenceException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.NullReferenceException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand
get-command : Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
At line:1 char:1
+ get-command
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-Command], NullReferenceException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.NullReferenceException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand

PS Z:\> $error[0] | format-list * -force


PSMessageDetails      :
Exception             : System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
                           at Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand.IsCommandMatch(CommandInfo& current, Boolean& isDuplicate)
                           at Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand.AccumulateMatchingCommands(IEnumerable`1 commandNames)
                           at System.Management.Automation.CommandProcessor.ProcessRecord()
TargetObject          :
CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-Command], NullReferenceException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.NullReferenceException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand
ErrorDetails          :
InvocationInfo        : System.Management.Automation.InvocationInfo
ScriptStackTrace      : at <ScriptBlock>, <No file>: line 1
PipelineIterationInfo : {}



PS Z:\> $error[0].line
PS Z:\> $error[0].exception | format-list * -force


Message        : Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
Data           : {}
InnerException :
TargetSite     : Boolean IsCommandMatch(System.Management.Automation.CommandInfo ByRef, Boolean ByRef)
StackTrace     :    at Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand.IsCommandMatch(CommandInfo& current, Boolean& isDuplicate)
                    at Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetCommandCommand.AccumulateMatchingCommands(IEnumerable`1 commandNames)
                    at System.Management.Automation.CommandProcessor.ProcessRecord()
HelpLink       :
Source         : System.Management.Automation
HResult        : -2147467261

在用户和提升模式下运行update-help之后，我在Powershell中所做的下一件事是安装 SQL Power Doc，所以我不确定是否导致了此问题，因为我在安装之前不记得使用Get-Command。

在安装过程中，我发出了以下命令:

Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Force

New-Item -type directory -path "$([Environment]::GetFolderPath([Environment+SpecialFolder]::MyDocuments))\WindowsPowerShell\Modules"

Set-Location "$([Environment]::GetFolderPath([Environment+SpecialFolder]::MyDocuments))\WindowsPowerShell"

当我在Get-Command上运行帮助时-它没有错误:

PS Z:\> help get-command

NAME
    Get-Command

SYNOPSIS
    Gets all commands.


SYNTAX
    Get-Command [[-ArgumentList] [<Object[]>]] [-All] [-FullyQualifiedModule [<ModuleSpecification[]>]] [-ListImported] [-Module [<String[]>]] [-Noun [<String[]>]] [-ParameterName [<String[]>]] [-ParameterType [<PSTypeName[]>]] [-ShowCommandInfo] [-Syntax] [-TotalCount
    [<Int32>]] [-Verb [<String[]>]] [<CommonParameters>]

    Get-Command [[-Name] [<String[]>]] [[-ArgumentList] [<Object[]>]] [-All] [-CommandType {Alias | Function | Filter | Cmdlet | ExternalScript | Application | Script | Workflow | Configuration | All}] [-FullyQualifiedModule [<ModuleSpecification[]>]] [-ListImported]
    [-Module [<String[]>]] [-ParameterName [<String[]>]] [-ParameterType [<PSTypeName[]>]] [-ShowCommandInfo] [-Syntax] [-TotalCount [<Int32>]] [<CommonParameters>]


DESCRIPTION
    The Get-Command cmdlet gets all commands that are installed on the computer, including cmdlets, aliases, functions, workflows, filters, scripts, and applications. Get-Command gets the commands from Windows PowerShell modules and snap-ins and commands that were
    imported from other sessions. To get only commands that have been imported into the current session, use the ListImported parameter.

    Without parameters, a Get-Command command gets all of the cmdlets, functions, workflows and aliases installed on the computer. A Get-Command * command gets all types of commands, including all of the non-Windows-PowerShell files in the Path environment variable
    ($env:path), which it lists in the "Application" command type.

    A Get-Command command that uses the exact name of the command (without wildcard characters) automatically imports the module that contains the command so you can use the command immediately. To enable, disable, and configure automatic importing of modules, use the
    $PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference preference variable. For more information, see about_Preference_Variables (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113248).

    Get-Command gets its data directly from the command code, unlike Get-Help, which gets its information from help topics.

    In Windows PowerShell 2.0, Get-Command gets only commands in current session. It does not get commands from modules that are installed, but not imported. To limit Get-Command in Windows PowerShell 3.0 and later to commands in the current session, use the
    ListImported parameter.

    Starting in Windows PowerShell 5.0, results of the Get-Command cmdlet display a Version column by default; a new Version property has been added to the CommandInfo class.


RELATED LINKS
    Online Version: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=289583
    Export-PSSession
    Get-Help
    Get-Member
    Get-PSDrive
    Import-PSSession
    about_Command_Precedence

REMARKS
    To see the examples, type: "get-help Get-Command -examples".
    For more information, type: "get-help Get-Command -detailed".
    For technical information, type: "get-help Get-Command -full".
    For online help, type: "get-help Get-Command -online"

有人看到明显的东西吗？任何帮助表示赞赏。

Answer 1

暂时重命名Modules目录，然后重新运行Get-Command来查看是否可以解决该问题，这可能是值得的。

(根据问题中上面的评论，看来这就是解决方案。)