powershell - Exchange Online - Get-UserPhoto - 如何捕获非终止错误？

Question

我正在尝试使用 powershell 从我们的 Exchange Online 帐户中导出没有照片的所有用户列表。我无法让它工作并尝试了各种方法。

当不存在配置文件时，Get-UserPhoto 返回此异常。

Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.UserPhotoNotFoundException: There is no photo stored here.

首先，我尝试对命令使用 Errorvariable 但收到:

A variable that cannot be referenced in restricted language mode or a Data section is being referenced. Variables that can be referenced include the following: $PSCulture, $PSUICulture, $true, $false, and  $null.
+ CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : VariableReferenceNotSupportedInDataSection
+ PSComputerName        : outlook.office365.com

接下来我尝试了 try, catch 但是非终止错误永远不会调用 catch 尽管网上有各种关于首先设置 $ErrorActionPreference 的方法

有什么想法吗？这是脚本:

 $UserCredential = Get-Credential
$Session = New-PSSession -ConfigurationName Microsoft.Exchange -ConnectionUri https://outlook.office365.com/powershell-liveid/ -Credential $UserCredential -Authentication Basic -AllowRedirection
Import-PSSession $Session 

$timestamp = $timestamp = get-date -Format "dd/M/yy-hh-mm"
$outfile = "c:\temp\" + $timestamp + "UserswithoutPhotos.txt"




$resultslist=@()
$userlist = get-user -ResultSize unlimited -RecipientTypeDetails usermailbox | where {$_.accountdisabled -ne $True}


Foreach($user in $userlist)
{
    try
    {

        $user | get-userphoto -erroraction stop 
    }
    catch
    {
        Write-Host "ERROR: $_"
        $email= $user.userprincipalname
        $name = $user.DisplayName
        $office = $user.office
        write-host "User photo not found...adding to list : $name , $email, $office" 
        $resultslist += $user

    }
}
$resultslist | add-content $outfile 
$resultslist

Answer 1

PowerShell 的错误处理是出了名的棘手，尤其是对于通过本地生成的代理脚本模块使用隐式远程处理的 cmdlet。

下面的习语提供了一种基于临时设置 $ErrorActionPreference 为 Stop globally 的解决方法(当然，您可以移动代码来恢复foreach 循环之外的前一个值)，这确保即使函数 来自不同的模块 也能看到它:

try {

  # Temporarily set $ErrorActionPreference to 'Stop' *globally*
  $prevErrorActionPreference = $global:ErrorActionPreference
  $global:ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'

  $user | get-userphoto

} catch {

    Write-Host "ERROR: $_"
    $email= $user.userprincipalname
    $name = $user.DisplayName
    $office = $user.office
    write-host "User photo not found...adding to list : $name, $email, $office" 
    $resultslist += $user

} finally {  

  # Restore the previous global $ErrorActionPreference value
  $global:ErrorActionPreference = $prevErrorActionPreference

}

至于为什么这是必要的:

• 模块中定义的函数不会看到调用者的首选项变量 - 与 cmdlet 不同，后者会看到。

• 模块中函数看到的唯一外部范围是全局范围。

有关此基本问题的更多信息，请参阅 this GitHub issue。