javascript - 更新数据库上深度嵌套数据的正确方法是什么

Question

我有以下数据库结构:

{
  user: {
    email: "example@email.com",
    days: {
      day1: {
        tasks: {
          task1: {
            name: 'sometask1,
            state: 'false'
          }
          task2: {
            name: 'sometask2,
            state: 'false'
          }
          task3: {
            name: 'sometask3,
            state: 'false'
          }
          ...
        }
        ...
      }
    }
  }
}

我的架构:

// user Schema 

const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  email: String,
  password: String,
  username : String,
  displayUserName : String,
  days : [{
      type : Object,
      ref : Day
   }]
});

// day schema 

const daySchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  dayProgress: Number,
  totalTodos: Number,
  tasks: [{
    type: Object,
    ref: Task,
  }]
});

// task secmea

const taskSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  taskName: {
    type: String,
    required: true
  },
  taskTiming: {
    type: Date,
    required: true
  },
  taskState: {
    type: Boolean,
    default: false
  },
  taskTypes: {
    type: Object,
    default: {}
  }
});


const User = mongoose.model('User',userSchema)
const Day = mongoose.model('Day',daySchema)
const Task = mongoose.model("Task", taskSchema)

现在假设用户想要添加一个新任务...更新 tasks 对象并防止整个数组的覆盖行为的最佳方法是什么。

到目前为止我尝试过的是这个......但它覆盖了整个 tasks 数组:

const task = new Task({
  taskName: 'test',
  taskTiming: new Date(),
  taskState: false,
})

const day = new Day({
  dayProgress: 0,
  totalTodos: 0,
  tasks: task
})

const dayObj = {}
dayObj['day 1'] = day

db.findOneAndUpdate({
  email: 'example@email.com'
}, {
  $set: dayObj
})

我得到了什么:

{
  user: {
    email: "example@email.com",
    days: {
      day1: {
        tasks: {
          0: {
            name: 'test',
            state: 'false'
            ...
          }
          // each time i add a task it gets overwritten 
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

我在寻找什么:

{
  user: {
    email: "example@email.com",
    days: {
      day1: {
        tasks: {
          test : {
            name: 'test',
            state: 'false'
            ...
          }
          // i can push more tasks here
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

我知道我应该将值推送到 tasks 数组或类似的东西，但我不太确定该怎么做，谢谢您的时间

Answer 1

您可以尝试以下查询:(使用 $push 和 $ 推送到确切位置)

db.update({
  _id: ObjectId("5d51bd5ef5fc3d6486b40ffb"),
  "days._id": ObjectId("5d51bd0ff5fc3d6486b40fe4")
}, {
  $push: {'days.$.tasks': taskData}
});

Note:- I have created manually data and tested below query. I have used _id and day._id to find the user and the day where the task needs to push.

之前

{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5d51bd5ef5fc3d6486b40ffb"),
    "email" : "kk@kk.com",
    "username" : "KK_KK",
    "displayUserName" : "KK",
    "days" : [ 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("5d51bd0ff5fc3d6486b40fe4"),
            "dayProgress" : 1,
            "totalTodos" : 2,
            "tasks" : [ 
                {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("5d51bcdef5fc3d6486b40fd2"),
                    "taskName" : "ABC",
                    "taskState" : false,
                    "taskTypes" : "NEW"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

之后

{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5d51bd5ef5fc3d6486b40ffb"),
    "email" : "kk@kk.com",
    "username" : "KK_KK",
    "displayUserName" : "KK",
    "days" : [ 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("5d51bd0ff5fc3d6486b40fe4"),
            "dayProgress" : 1,
            "totalTodos" : 2,
            "tasks" : [ 
                {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("5d51bcdef5fc3d6486b40fd2"),
                    "taskName" : "ABC",
                    "taskState" : false,
                    "taskTypes" : "NEW"
                }, 
                {
                    "taskName" : "ABC1",
                    "taskState" : true,
                    "taskTypes" : "OLD"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

希望这有帮助!