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javascript - 如何仅围绕中点旋转一条线?

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-12-02 22:42:56 25 4
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我想在js Canvas 上显示风车。现在,我在立方体上显示一条绿线。我在围绕中点旋转线时遇到问题。另外,我不想让我的立方体移动。 Save() 似乎不起作用?我不知道我做错了什么。我尝试在网上寻找答案,但它们似乎不起作用或者我不明白它们。我 Canvas 上的元素不知何故消失了。

    var x = 600;

function init()
{
window.requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}

function draw()
{
var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext('2d');

ctx.clearRect(0, 0, 600, 600);

// sciana przednia
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#000000";
ctx.strokeRect(x/2,x/2,x/4,x/4);

//sciana gorna
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#000000";
ctx.moveTo(x/2,x/2);
ctx.lineTo(x-x/3,x/4+x/6);
ctx.lineTo(x-x/8,x/4+x/6);
ctx.lineTo(x/2+x/4,x/2);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();

//sciana prawa
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#000000";
ctx.moveTo(x/2+x/4,x/2+x/4);
ctx.lineTo(x-x/8,x/2+x/7);
ctx.lineTo(x-x/8,x/4+x/6);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

//raczka
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 5;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#808080";
ctx.moveTo(x/2+x/5,x/2-x/5);
ctx.lineTo(x/2+x/5,x/2-x/8+50);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

ctx.save();
//smiglo
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.translate(x/2, x/2);
ctx.rotate( (Math.PI / 180) * 25);
ctx.translate(-x/2, -x/2);
ctx.fillStyle = "#00cc00";
ctx.fillRect(x/2+x/5-100,x/2-x/5,200,10);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.restore();

window.requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}

init();

var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas')
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var x = 600;

function init() {
window.requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}

function draw() {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// sciana przednia
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#000000";
ctx.strokeRect(x / 2, x / 2, x / 4, x / 4);

//sciana gorna
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#000000";
ctx.moveTo(x / 2, x / 2);
ctx.lineTo(x - x / 3, x / 4 + x / 6);
ctx.lineTo(x - x / 8, x / 4 + x / 6);
ctx.lineTo(x / 2 + x / 4, x / 2);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();

//sciana prawa
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#000000";
ctx.moveTo(x / 2 + x / 4, x / 2 + x / 4);
ctx.lineTo(x - x / 8, x / 2 + x / 7);
ctx.lineTo(x - x / 8, x / 4 + x / 6);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

//raczka
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.lineWidth = 5;
ctx.strokeStyle = "#808080";
ctx.moveTo(x / 2 + x / 5, x / 2 - x / 5);
ctx.lineTo(x / 2 + x / 5, x / 2 - x / 8 + 50);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

ctx.save();
//smiglo
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.translate(x / 2, x / 2);
ctx.rotate((Math.PI / 180) * 25);
ctx.translate(-x / 2, -x / 2);
ctx.fillStyle = "#00cc00";
ctx.fillRect(x / 2 + x / 5 - 100, x / 2 - x / 5, 200, 10);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.restore();

window.requestAnimationFrame(draw);
}

init();
<canvas id="canvas" width=600 height=600></canvas>

编辑:我现在了解如何围绕某个点旋转。我仍然不知道如何只旋转这条线而不是整个东西。

最佳答案

谈到旋转,我认为您做得很好:在您的示例中,绿线旋转了 25 度。您只需旋转其中点即可。

但是要做到这一点,我认为最好在代码中进行其他更改:绘制立方体的部分很难处理,每当您想要编辑代码时,这部分都会引起问题。我建议将其隔离在 drawCube() 函数中,并使用正确的 (x,y) 坐标。根据我的说法,它应该看起来像这样:

function draw() {
angle += 5;
ctx.save();
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

ctx.translate(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2);
ctx.rotate(Math.PI / 180 * angle);
ctx.translate(-canvas.width / 2, -canvas.height / 2);

// It rotates
drawLine();
ctx.restore();

// It doesn't rotate
drawCube();
}

然后,您的代码就可以工作了。您所要做的就是使线绕其中点旋转,但您说过您知道该怎么做。

祝你好运!

编辑:我添加了一个包含工作示例的代码片段,以及像您这样的多维数据集,可能会有所帮助。

var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var btnExample = document.getElementById('btnExample');
var btnCube = document.getElementById('btnCube');

var angle = 0;
var fps = 1000 / 60;

var propellerWidth = 100;
var propellerHeight = 10;
var towerWidth = 2;
var towerHeight = 100;

var mode = {
CUBE: 'CUBE',
EXAMPLE: 'EXAMPLE'
}
var currentMode = mode.EXAMPLE;

btnExample.onclick = function() {
currentMode = mode.EXAMPLE;
}

btnCube.onclick = function() {
currentMode = mode.CUBE;
}

setInterval(function() {
angle += 3;
draw(canvas, ctx, (canvas.width - propellerWidth) / 2, (canvas.height - propellerWidth) / 2, angle);
}, fps);

function draw(canvas, ctx, cx, cy, angle) {
var towerX = cx + propellerWidth / 2 - towerWidth / 2;
var towerY = cy + propellerWidth / 2;
var propellerX = (canvas.width - propellerWidth) / 2;
var propellerY = (canvas.height - propellerHeight) / 2;

ctx.save();
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// Draw other things that don't rotate
if (currentMode === mode.EXAMPLE) {
drawHelp(canvas, ctx);
}

ctx.translate(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2);
ctx.rotate(Math.PI / 180 * angle);
ctx.translate(-canvas.width / 2, -canvas.height / 2);

// Draw things that rotate
drawPropeller(ctx, propellerX, propellerY, propellerWidth, propellerHeight);
ctx.restore();

// Draw other things that don't rotate
if (currentMode === mode.EXAMPLE) {
drawTower(ctx, towerX, towerY, towerWidth, towerHeight);
} else if (currentMode === mode.CUBE) {
drawCube(ctx, towerX, towerY, 30);
}
}

function drawPropeller(ctx, propellerX, propellerY, propellerWidth, propellerHeight) {
ctx.fillStyle = 'black';
ctx.fillRect(propellerX, propellerY, propellerWidth, propellerHeight);
}

function drawTower(ctx, towerX, towerY, towerWidth, towerHeight) {
ctx.fillStyle = 'red';
ctx.fillRect(towerX, towerY, towerWidth, towerHeight);
}

function drawCube(ctx, x, y, size) {
ctx.strokeStyle = 'black';

ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x, y);
ctx.lineTo(x, y + size);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();

var x1 = x - size + (size / 4) + (size / 16);
var y1 = y + (size * 1.25);
var x2 = x1 + (size / 3);
var y2 = y1 - (size * 2 / 3);
var x3 = x2 + size;
var y3 = y2;
var x4 = x3 - (size / 3);
var y4 = y1;
var x5 = x4;
var y5 = y4 + size;
var x6 = x3;
var y6 = y3 + size;

ctx.strokeRect(x1, y1, size, size);


ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();


ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x2, y2);
ctx.lineTo(x3, y3);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();


ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x3, y3);
ctx.lineTo(x4, y4);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();


ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x3, y3);
ctx.lineTo(x6, y6);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();

ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x5, y5);
ctx.lineTo(x6, y6);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();
}

function drawHelp(canvas, ctx) {
ctx.globalAlpha = 0.2;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(0, 0);
ctx.lineTo(canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.moveTo(canvas.width, 0);
ctx.lineTo(0, canvas.height);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2, propellerWidth / 2, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(canvas.width / 2, canvas.height / 2, propellerWidth / 2, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
ctx.stroke();
ctx.closePath();

ctx.globalAlpha = 1;
}
canvas {
border: 1px solid black;
}
<canvas id="canvas" width=200 height=200></canvas>
<br>
<button id="btnExample">Example</button>
<button id="btnCube">Cube</button>

关于javascript - 如何仅围绕中点旋转一条线?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58529827/

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