c# - 从 FileSystemWatcher 事件更新 ListBox

Question

我想从 FileSystemWatcher 事件更新 ListBox。事件运行时，我收到此错误:

Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: The calling thread cannot access this object because a different thread owns it.
   at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.VerifyAccess()
   at System.Windows.DependencyObject.GetValue(DependencyProperty dp)
   at System.Windows.Controls.Panel.get_IsItemsHost()
   at System.Windows.Controls.Panel.VerifyBoundState()
   at System.Windows.Controls.Panel.OnItemsChanged(Object sender, ItemsChangedEventArgs args)
   at System.Windows.Controls.ItemContainerGenerator.OnItemAdded(Object item, Int32 index)
   at System.Windows.Controls.ItemContainerGenerator.OnCollectionChanged(Object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)
   at System.Windows.Controls.ItemContainerGenerator.System.Windows.IWeakEventListener.ReceiveWeakEvent(Type managerType, Object sender, Eve
ntArgs e)
   at System.Windows.WeakEventManager.DeliverEventToList(Object sender, EventArgs args, ListenerList list)
   at System.Windows.WeakEventManager.DeliverEvent(Object sender, EventArgs args)
   at System.Collections.Specialized.CollectionChangedEventManager.OnCollectionChanged(Object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)

   at System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler.Invoke(Object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e)
   at System.Windows.Data.CollectionView.OnCollectionChanged(NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)
   at System.Windows.Controls.ItemCollection.System.Windows.IWeakEventListener.ReceiveWeakEvent(Type managerType, Object sender, EventArgs e
)
   at System.Windows.WeakEventManager.DeliverEventToList(Object sender, EventArgs args, ListenerList list)
   at System.Windows.WeakEventManager.DeliverEvent(Object sender, EventArgs args)
   at System.Collections.Specialized.CollectionChangedEventManager.OnCollectionChanged(Object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)

   at System.Windows.Data.CollectionView.OnCollectionChanged(NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)
   at MS.Internal.Controls.InnerItemCollectionView.Add(Object item)
   at System.Windows.Controls.ItemCollection.Add(Object newItem)
   at DirectoryBinding.MainWindow.<.ctor>b__2(Object s, FileSystemEventArgs e) in C:\Users\dharmatech\Documents\DirectoryBinding\DirectoryBi
nding\MainWindow.xaml.cs:line 35
   at System.IO.FileSystemWatcher.OnCreated(FileSystemEventArgs e)
   at System.IO.FileSystemWatcher.NotifyFileSystemEventArgs(Int32 action, String name)
   at System.IO.FileSystemWatcher.CompletionStatusChanged(UInt32 errorCode, UInt32 numBytes, NativeOverlapped* overlappedPointer)
   at System.Threading._IOCompletionCallback.PerformIOCompletionCallback(UInt32 errorCode, UInt32 numBytes, NativeOverlapped* pOVERLAP)

这是演示问题的代码:

Xaml:

<Window x:Class="DirectoryBinding.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="MainWindow"
        Height="350"
        Width="525">
    <DockPanel>
        <ListBox DockPanel.Dock="Top" Name="listBox"/>
    </DockPanel>
</Window>

C#

using System.Linq;
using System.Windows;
using System.IO;

namespace DirectoryBinding
{
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            new DirectoryInfo("c:/users/dharmatech").GetFileSystemInfos().ToList().ForEach(
                info => listBox.Items.Add(info.FullName));

            var fileSystemWatcher = new FileSystemWatcher("c:/users/dharmatech") 
            { EnableRaisingEvents = true };

            fileSystemWatcher.Created += (s, e) => listBox.Items.Add(e.FullPath);
        }
    }
}

关于如何做到这一点有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

这里的问题是 FileSystemWatcher 在线程池而不是 UI 线程上引发它的事件，但只能从 UI 线程修改 UI。修改前需要将事件处理代码移回UI线程

处理此问题的一种方法是使用 SynchronizationContext

var context = SynchronizationContext.Current;
fileSystemWatcher.Created += (s, e) => {
  context.Post(val => listBox.Items.Add(e.FullPath), s);
};