elasticsearch - Elasticsearch术语与匹配

Question

我必须在2个条件下编写搜索查询。

时间戳

目录

当我在搜索查询中使用匹配项时，如下所示

{
   "query":{
      "bool":{
         "must":{
            "match":{
               "directory":"/user/ayush/test/error/"
            }
         },
         "filter":{
            "range":{
               "@timestamp":{
                  "gte":"2020-08-25 01:00:00",
                  "lte":"2020-08-25 01:30:00",
                  "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

在筛选结果中，我正在获取目录的记录

/user/ayush/test/error/

/user/hive/

/user/

但是当我使用下面的术语时

{
   "query":{
      "bool":{
         "must":{
            "term":{
               "directory":"/user/ayush/test/error/"
            }
         },
         "filter":{
            "range":{
               "@timestamp":{
                  "gte":"2020-08-25 01:00:00",
                  "lte":"2020-08-25 01:30:00",
                  "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

即使使用目录值 /user/ayush/test/error/ ，我也没有得到任何结果

Answer 1

The match query analyzes the input string and constructs more basicqueries from that.

The term query matches exact terms.

请参阅这些博客以获取详细信息:
SO question on Term vs Match query
https://discuss.elastic.co/t/term-query-vs-match-query/14455
elasticsearch match vs term query
字段值 /user/ayush/test/error/的分析如下:

POST/_analyze
{
  "analyzer" : "standard",
  "text" : "/user/ayush/test/error/"
}

生成的 token 为:

{
    "tokens": [
        {
            "token": "user",
            "start_offset": 1,
            "end_offset": 5,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 0
        },
        {
            "token": "ayush",
            "start_offset": 6,
            "end_offset": 11,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 1
        },
        {
            "token": "test",
            "start_offset": 12,
            "end_offset": 16,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 2
        },
        {
            "token": "error",
            "start_offset": 17,
            "end_offset": 22,
            "type": "<ALPHANUM>",
            "position": 3
        }
    ]
}

索引数据:

{ "directory":"/user/ayush/test/error/" }
{ "directory":"/user/ayush/" }
{ "directory":"/user" }

使用术语查询的搜索查询:
字词查询不会将任何分析器应用于搜索字词，因此只会在倒排索引中查找该确切字词。因此，要搜索确切的术语，您需要使用 directory.keyword或更改字段的映射。

{
  "query": {
    "term": {
      "directory.keyword": {
        "value": "/user/ayush/test/error/",
        "boost": 1.0
      }
    }
  }
}

字词查询的搜索结果:

"hits": [
            {
                "_index": "my_index",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1",
                "_score": 0.9808291,
                "_source": {
                    "directory": "/user/ayush/test/error/"
                }
            }
        ]