datetime - 在 R 中处理日期和时间

Question

我有一个包含 2 列的数据框，第一列包含日期，第二列包含时间，格式为:

     date         time        
[1,] "2003-10-03" "22:32:00"
[2,] "2003-10-05" "17:43:06"
[3,] "2003-10-10" "18:45:56"
[4,] "2003-11-12" "17:07:16"
[5,] "2003-11-13" "12:48:04"
[6,] "2003-11-13" "18:17:57"

我想为这些数据创建一些直方图，查看每年、每月和一天中特定时间的事件数量。

今年很容易

hist(as.Date(df[,1]), "years")

现在，要获取我使用的每月事件数(不考虑年份):

 months = c("January", "February", "March", 
            "April", "May", "June", "July", 
            "August", "September", "October", 
            "November", "December")
 tb <- table(factor(months.Date(dt), levels=months)
 barplot(tb)

问题:

1. 是否有更好的方法来制作每月的直方图？
2. 如何在一天中的某个时间做同样的事情(每小时的垃圾箱就足够了)？

谢谢

Answer 1

我会使用 xts，特别是当您的 data.frame 中有除日期和时间之外的数据时。

df$count <- 1
x <- xts(df$count,as.POSIXct(paste(df$date,df$time)))

# create aggregates and plot with plot.zoo()
plot.zoo(period.apply(x, endpoints(index(x),"years"), sum), type="h")
plot.zoo(period.apply(x, endpoints(index(x),"quarters"), sum), type="h")
plot.zoo(period.apply(x, endpoints(index(x),"months"), sum), type="h")
plot.zoo(period.apply(x, endpoints(index(x),"weeks"), sum), type="h")
plot.zoo(period.apply(x, endpoints(index(x),"days"), sum), type="h")
plot.zoo(period.apply(x, endpoints(index(x),"hours"), sum), type="h")