docker - 创建自定义docker postgresql镜像并修改它的entryPoint

Question

我试图从postgres:11.5-alpine创建自定义图像，所以我做了这个dockerfile:

FROM postgres:11.5-alpine

LABEL MAINTAINER groot
ENV LANG en_US.utf8
ENV DBNAME pglocations
ENV USERNAME postgres

COPY init.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/

这是init.sql文件:

/*--psql -U posgtres -p 5432
psql -U <username> -d <dbname> -1 -f <filename>.sql*/
psql -U posgtres -p 5432
CREATE DATABASE pglocations
    WITH OWNER = postgres
    ENCODING = 'UTF8'
    LC_COLLATE = 'English_United States.1252'
    TABLESPACE = pg_default
    CONNECTION LIMIT = -1
    TEMPLATE template0;
/*psql -U posgtres -d pglocations -1 -f pglocations.sql*/

我通过以下命令制作图像: docker build -t safagress:11.5 . 这是图像列表:

PS D:\Software\Windows\Docker\Images\AndroidService> docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
safagress           11.5                26d34fa7c2c1        About an hour ago   71.9MB
postgres            11.5-alpine         78b21f6420c0        5 days ago          71.9MB
alpine              latest              961769676411        5 days ago          5.58MB
dpage/pgadmin4      latest              489972d75226        6 days ago          248MB

并制作容器:
docker run -d --name=pg-docker -p 5433:5432 -e POSTGRES_USER=postgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=s123 safagres
和容器 list :

PS D:\Software\Windows\Docker\Images\AndroidService> docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                             NAMES
e4a6bdf49312        safagress:11.5      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:5433->5432/tcp            pg-docker
3de509771297        dpage/pgadmin4      "/entrypoint.sh"         2 hours ago         Up 2 hours          443/tcp, 127.0.0.1:8081->80/tcp   priceless_black
PS D:\Software\Windows\Docker\Images\AndroidService>

1- 当我创建容器时，出现此错误:

/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
2019-08-26 05:25:55.650 UTC [39] ERROR:  syntax error at or near "psql" at character 88
2019-08-26 05:25:55.650 UTC [39] STATEMENT:  /*--psql -U posgtres -p 5432
        psql -U <username> -d <dbname> -1 -f <filename>.sql*/

        psql -U posgtres -p 5432

        CREATE DATABASE pglocations
            WITH OWNER = postgres
            ENCODING = 'UTF8'
            LC_COLLATE = 'English_United States.1252'
            TABLESPACE = pg_default
            CONNECTION LIMIT = -1
            TEMPLATE template0;
psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql:12: ERROR:  syntax error at or near "psql"
LINE 4: psql -U posgtres -p 5432

2-如何将 ENV DBNAME pglocations例如从dockerfile传递到init.sql以使用其值？

Answer 1

您的问题在于，您在SQL文件中使用了shell命令(psql -U ...)，这会在图像的入口点尝试运行它时导致语法错误。

尝试将这样的文件放在您的initdb.d文件夹中，并将其命名为init.sh:

#!/bin/sh
set -e

psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 --dbname template1 --username postgres <<-EOSQL
    CREATE DATABASE "$DBNAME"
    WITH OWNER = postgres
    ENCODING = 'UTF8'
    LC_COLLATE = 'English_United States.1252'
    TABLESPACE = pg_default
    CONNECTION LIMIT = -1
    TEMPLATE template0;
EOSQL

除此之外，还可以在其 DockerHub site上找到有关如何使用Postgres Docker镜像(及其环境变量)的良好说明。