java - 如何使用 Spring 提供的 Kafka api 在消费组中创建多个消费者

Question

我正在尝试在一个消费者组中创建多个消费者以进行并行处理，因为我们有大量的消息流入。我正在使用 spring boot 和 KafkTemplate。在 spring boot 应用程序的单个实例中，我们如何创建属于单个消费者组的多个消费者？使用@KafkaListener 注释的多个方法是否会创建多个消费者？

Answer 1

您必须使用 ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer。它委托(delegate)一个或多个 KafkaMessageListenerContainer 实例来提供多线程消费。

@Bean
KafkaListenerContainerFactory<ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<String, String>> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
    ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory =
        new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
    factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
    factory.setConcurrency(10);
    factory.getContainerProperties().setPollTimeout(3000);
    return factory;
}

factory.setConcurrency(10) 创建 10 个 KafkaMessageListenerContainer 实例。每个实例都有一定数量的分区。这取决于您在创建主题时配置的分区数。

一些准备步骤:

@Autowired
private KafkaTemplate<String, Object> kafkaTemplate;

private final static String BOOTSTRAP_ADDRESS = "localhost:9092";
private final static String CONSUMER_GROUP = "consumer-group-1";
private final static String TOPIC = "test-topic";

@Bean
public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory() {
    Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
    props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, BOOTSTRAP_ADDRESS);
    props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, CONSUMER_GROUP);
    props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
    props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
    return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(props);
}


@KafkaListener(topics = TOPIC, containerFactory = "kafkaListenerContainerFactory")
public void listen(@Payload String message) {
    logger.info(message);
}

public void start() {
    try {
        Thread.sleep(5000L);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        kafkaTemplate.send(TOPIC, i, String.valueOf(i), "Message " + i);
    }
    
    logger.info("All message are sent");
}

如果您运行上面的方法，您可以看到每个 KafkaMessageListenerContainer 实例处理被放入该实例服务的分区中的消息。添加Thread.sleep()等待消费者初始化。

2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-4-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 5
2020-07-01 15:48:34.801  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-6-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 7
2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-7-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 8
2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-9-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 1
2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-0-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 0
2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-8-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 9
2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-3-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 4
2020-07-01 15:48:34.801  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-2-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 3
2020-07-01 15:48:34.801  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-1-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 2
2020-07-01 15:48:34.800  INFO 201566 --- [ntainer#0-5-C-1] r.s.c.KafkaConsumersDemo                 : Message 6