r - 如何通过变量创建新列？

Question

我的数据包括每个 ID 上不同人 ( Day ) 的数据一周中的时间以及他们在医院不同区域度过的时间或Ward 。这次给我的时间是分钟:秒或 Duration 。我的数据示例是:

ShiftData <- data.frame(ID = c("Nelson", "Nelson", "Nelson", "Nelson", "Nelson", 
                      "Justin", "Justin", "Justin", "Justin", "Justin", 
                      "Nelson", "Nelson", "Nelson", "Nelson", "Nelson", 
                      "Justin", "Justin", "Justin", "Justin", "Justin"), 
               Day = c("Monday", "Monday", "Monday", "Monday", "Monday", 
                       "Monday", "Monday", "Monday", "Monday", "Monday",
                      "Tuesday", "Tuesday", "Tuesday", "Tuesday", "Tuesday", 
                      "Tuesday", "Tuesday", "Tuesday", "Tuesday", "Tuesday"), 
               Ward = c("Gen", "Anaesth", "Front Desk", "PreOp", "Front Desk", 
                       "PreOp", "Front Desk", "Anaesth", "Front Desk", "Gen",
                       "Gen", "Anaesth", "PreOp", "Front Desk", "Gen", 
                       "Front Desk", "PreOp", "PostOp", "Front Desk", "Anaesth"),
               Duration = c("5:35", "4:08", "4:30", "6:33", "4:17", 
                            "15:35", "4:28", "9:37", "18:33", "4:20",
                            "9:45", "8:28", "6:37", "2:34", "4:27", 
                            "19:35", "4:20", "9:47", "11:33", "4:26"))

我首先希望包括一列，指示每个ID何时正在轮换或轮类。一个"Front Desk"在 Ward列表明一个人何时改变他们的轮类。一个人可以从 "Front Desk" 开始，根据他们前一天工作的小时数进行调节(当前分析不需要此计算)。我的预期输出是 是:

ShiftData$Shift <- c(1,1,0,2,0,
                     1,0,2,0,3,
                     1,1,1,0,2,
                     0,1,1,0,2)

我的问题类似于this question除非有 "Front Desk"我想要一个 0 和之后的任何事件，按顺序向上计数。

我该如何创建这个？

我知道我可以为 "Front Desk" 添加 0使用:

ShiftData$Shift <- ifelse(ShiftData$Ward=='Front Desk', 0, NA)

但我不确定如何为该列的每个其他部分添加顺序计数？

Answer 1

这个问题可以用dplyr解决:

ShiftData$Shift <- (ShiftData %>%
                    group_by(ID,Day) %>%
                    mutate(tmp = ifelse(Ward=="Front Desk",1,0), #tag to sum front desk shifts
                           tmp2 = cumsum(tmp),                   #cumsum shows shifts in a day
                           Ward1 = Ward[1],                      #this and the below count your first shift if you didn't start on desk duty
                           shift = ifelse(Ward1=="Front Desk",tmp2,tmp2+1))
                    )$shift
ShiftData$Shift[ShiftData$Ward=="Front Desk"] <- 0