python - UnsatisfiableError:发现以下规范存在冲突:-opencv3-> python 2.7 *-python 3.6 *

Question

如何在OS X中为Anaconda Python安装OpenCV？我在Windows 7企业版中使用了相同的命令，并且有效

Monas-MacBook-Pro:machine_learning mona$ conda install --channel https://conda.anaconda.org/menpo opencv3
Fetching package metadata .............
Solving package specifications: .

UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be in conflict:
  - opencv3 -> python 2.7*
  - python 3.6*
Use "conda info <package>" to see the dependencies for each package.

Monas-MacBook-Pro:machine_learning mona$ conda install opencv3
Fetching package metadata ...........

PackageNotFoundError: Packages missing in current channels:

  - opencv3

We have searched for the packages in the following channels:

  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/main/osx-64
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/main/noarch
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/free/osx-64
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/free/noarch
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/r/osx-64
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/r/noarch
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/pro/osx-64
  - https://repo.continuum.io/pkgs/pro/noarch


Monas-MacBook-Pro:machine_learning mona$ conda install -c menpo opencv3 
Fetching package metadata .............
Solving package specifications: .

UnsatisfiableError: The following specifications were found to be in conflict:
  - opencv3 -> python 2.7*
  - python 3.6*
Use "conda info <package>" to see the dependencies for each package.

更新:我什至尝试使用conda forge安装它，但出现此错误

Monas-MacBook-Pro:machine_learning mona$ conda install -c conda-forge opencv 
Fetching package metadata .............
Solving package specifications: ^[[A^[[B.

Package plan for installation in environment /Users/mona/anaconda:

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

    blas:         1.1-openblas          conda-forge
    bzip2:        1.0.6-1               conda-forge
    ffmpeg:       3.2.4-1               conda-forge
    x264:         20131217-3            conda-forge

The following packages will be UPDATED:

    h5py:         2.7.0-np112py36_0                 --> 2.7.1-py36_1                  conda-forge
    hdf5:         1.8.17-1                          --> 1.8.18-1                      conda-forge
    numpy:        1.12.1-py36_0                     --> 1.12.1-py36_blas_openblas_200 conda-forge [blas_openblas]
    opencv:       3.2.0-np112py36_0     conda-forge --> 3.3.0-py36_blas_openblas_200  conda-forge [blas_openblas]
    pytables:     3.3.0-np112py36_0                 --> 3.4.2-np112py36_1             conda-forge
    scikit-learn: 0.19.0-np112py36_0                --> 0.19.0-py36_blas_openblas_201 conda-forge [blas_openblas]
    scipy:        0.19.1-np112py36_0                --> 0.19.1-py36_blas_openblas_202 conda-forge [blas_openblas]

The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:

    conda:        4.3.27-py36hb556a21_0             --> 4.3.24-py36_0                 conda-forge
    conda-env:    2.6.0-0                           --> 2.6.0-0                       conda-forge

Proceed ([y]/n)? y
Invalid choice:  y
Proceed ([y]/n)? y

bzip2-1.0.6-1. 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:00 395.79 kB/s
conda-env-2.6. 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:00 993.59 kB/s
x264-20131217- 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:02   1.19 MB/s
ffmpeg-3.2.4-1 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:25   1.60 MB/s
hdf5-1.8.18-1. 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:03   1.31 MB/s
blas-1.1-openb 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:00 816.40 kB/s
numpy-1.12.1-p 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:02   1.52 MB/s
h5py-2.7.1-py3 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:00   1.78 MB/s
scipy-0.19.1-p 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:10   1.55 MB/s
pytables-3.4.2 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:02   1.19 MB/s
scikit-learn-0 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:04   1.32 MB/s
conda-4.3.24-p 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:00   1.59 MB/s
opencv-3.3.0-p 100% |#####################################################| Time: 0:00:22   1.64 MB/s
Monas-MacBook-Pro:machine_learning mona$ python
Python 3.6.2 |Anaconda custom (x86_64)| (default, Jul 20 2017, 13:14:59) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/mona/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2.cpython-36m-darwin.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libopenblasp-r0.2.19.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/mona/anaconda/lib/libopencv_core.3.3.dylib
  Reason: image not found
>>> 

Answer 1

这与几周前的this question完全相同。只是为了复制/粘贴答案:

看看Anaconda软件包列表中menpo软件包下的list of conda installers for OpenCV:

osx-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py27_0.tar.bz2
osx-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py34_0.tar.bz2
osx-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py35_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py35_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py27_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py36_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py34_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.2.0-np111py35_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.2.0-np111py34_0.tar.bz2
linux-64/opencv3-3.2.0-np111py27_0.tar.bz2
win-32/opencv3-3.1.0-py27_0.tar.bz2
win-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py35_0.tar.bz2
win-32/opencv3-3.1.0-py35_0.tar.bz2
win-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py34_0.tar.bz2
win-32/opencv3-3.1.0-py34_0.tar.bz2
win-64/opencv3-3.1.0-py27_0.tar.bz2

请注意每个安装程序中列出的Python版本。对于macOS，最新的menpo安装程序是OpenCV 3.1.0，可在Python 3.5上运行。因此，如果要使用menpo安装程序，只需使用Python 3.5创建一个新环境，然后激活并安装:

conda create -n <opencv virtual env> python=3.5
source activate <opencv virtual env>
conda install -c menpo opencv3

否则，如果您想使用Python 3.6(这是一个非常不错的Python版本)，则需要从源代码进行构建。请参见以下堆栈溢出问题的好答案: Can't install OpenCV3 on Anaconda3 python3.6 on macOS。