delphi - Delphi中影响父Panel的按钮组件

Question

我正在编写一个由动态创建的面板组成的程序，每个面板都有一些组件，包括删除和添加面板按钮。每个面板显示 20 像素乘以面板编号，用于添加的 OnClick 必须将另一个面板添加到组的末尾，用于删除的 OnClick 必须销毁其父面板，然后将所有其他面板向上移动到删除所产生的空间中。我已经尝试过的方法涉及使用数组，但不幸的是，我在循环遍历数组时遇到了 EAccessViolation，其中我删除了数组中间的一个对象。

很抱歉，如果这是显而易见的问题或者之前已经回答过，但我本周早些时候刚刚开始自学面向对象，所以我不知道所有术语，或者是否有一个类(如数组)可以为我做这些事情。

Answer 1

仔细使用 Align 属性可能会更好。

如果我有三个面板，其对齐方式如下所示:

|-----------------------|
|                       |
|        alTop          |
|                       |
|-----------------------|

|-----------------------|
|                       |
|        alTop          |
|                       |
|-----------------------|

|-----------------------|
|                       |
|        alTop          |
|                       |
|-----------------------|

我删除第二个，然后第三个会自动弹出到它的位置。

只需将所有三个面板放入另一个父控件(即另一个面板)中即可定义当我们说“alTop”时“top”的含义。

如果您想要动画效果，那么您必须稍微更花哨一些。这是你的目标吗？如果是这样，我相信我们可以想出一些办法。

编辑 - 我编写了一些代码，可能会给您一些想法:

unit Main;

interface

uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, StdCtrls, Buttons, ExtCtrls;

type
  TWhere = (wAtBeginning, wAtEnd);

type
  TfrmMain = class(TForm)
    panCtrl: TPanel;
    panHost: TPanel;
    btnAddPan: TBitBtn;
    btnDelPan: TBitBtn;
    lbAddWhere: TListBox;
    lbDelWhere: TListBox;
    procedure btnAddPanClick(Sender: TObject);
    procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
    procedure btnDelPanClick(Sender: TObject);
  private
    function GetPanel(HostPanel: TPanel; Where: TWhere): TPanel;
    function BottomOfLastPanel(HostPanel: TPanel): integer;
    procedure AddPanel(HostPanel: TPanel; AddWhere: TWhere);
    procedure DelPanel(HostPanel: TPanel; DelWhere: TWhere);
    procedure DelThisPanel(Sender: TObject);
  end;

var
  frmMain: TfrmMain;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TfrmMain.AddPanel(HostPanel: TPanel; AddWhere: TWhere);
var
  pnl: TPanel;
  btn: TBitBtn;
begin
  pnl := TPanel.Create(HostPanel);
  with pnl do begin
    case AddWhere of
      wAtBeginning: Top := 0;
      wAtEnd: Top := BottomOfLastPanel(HostPanel);
    end;
    Align := alTop;
    Parent := HostPanel;
    Caption := DateTimeToStr(Now);
  end;

  btn := TBitBtn.Create(pnl);
  with btn do begin
    Parent := pnl;
    Left := 0;
    Top := 0;
    Width := 100;
    Height := 30;
    Align := alLeft;
    Caption := 'Delete this panel';
    OnClick := DelThisPanel;
  end;
end;

function TfrmMain.BottomOfLastPanel(HostPanel: TPanel): integer;
begin
  //scan through all panels contained inside the host panel
  //return the bottom of the lowest one (highest "top" value)
  Result := 0;
  if Assigned(GetPanel(HostPanel,wAtEnd)) then begin
    Result := GetPanel(HostPanel,wAtEnd).Top + GetPanel(HostPanel,wAtEnd).Height;
  end;
end;

procedure TfrmMain.btnAddPanClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  case lbAddWhere.ItemIndex of
    0: AddPanel(panHost,wAtBeginning);
    1: AddPanel(panHost,wAtEnd);
  end;
end;

procedure TfrmMain.btnDelPanClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  case lbDelWhere.ItemIndex of
    0: DelPanel(panHost,wAtBeginning);
    1: DelPanel(panHost,wAtEnd);
  end;
end;

procedure TfrmMain.DelPanel(HostPanel: TPanel; DelWhere: TWhere);
var
  pnlToDelete: TPanel;
begin
  case DelWhere of
    wAtBeginning: pnlToDelete := GetPanel(HostPanel,wAtBeginning);
    wAtEnd: pnlToDelete := GetPanel(HostPanel,wAtEnd);
  end;
  if Assigned(pnlToDelete) then begin
    FreeAndNil(pnlToDelete);
  end;
end;

procedure TfrmMain.DelThisPanel(Sender: TObject);
var
  parentPnl: TPanel;
begin
  //delete the parent panel of this button
  if Sender is TBitBtn then begin
    if (Sender as TBitBtn).Parent is TPanel then begin
      parentPnl := (Sender as TBitBtn).Parent as TPanel;
      parentPnl.Parent := nil;
      FreeAndNil(parentPnl);
    end;
  end;
end;

procedure TfrmMain.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
begin
  lbAddWhere.ItemIndex := 1;
  lbDelWhere.ItemIndex := 1;
end;

function TfrmMain.GetPanel(HostPanel: TPanel; Where: TWhere): TPanel;
var
  i: integer;
begin
  Result := nil;
  for i := 0 to panHost.ControlCount - 1 do begin
    if panHost.Controls[i] is TPanel then begin
      Result := (panHost.Controls[i] as TPanel);
      if Where = wAtBeginning then begin
        Break;
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;

end.

这是 DFM 的代码:

object frmMain: TfrmMain
  Left = 0
  Top = 0
  Caption = 'Add / Delete Panel Demo'
  ClientHeight = 520
  ClientWidth = 637
  Color = clBtnFace
  Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
  Font.Color = clWindowText
  Font.Height = -11
  Font.Name = 'Tahoma'
  Font.Style = []
  OldCreateOrder = False
  OnShow = FormShow
  PixelsPerInch = 96
  TextHeight = 13
  object panCtrl: TPanel
    Left = 0
    Top = 0
    Width = 305
    Height = 520
    Align = alLeft
    TabOrder = 0
    object btnAddPan: TBitBtn
      Left = 8
      Top = 8
      Width = 125
      Height = 75
      Caption = 'Add panel'
      TabOrder = 0
      OnClick = btnAddPanClick
    end
    object btnDelPan: TBitBtn
      Left = 8
      Top = 89
      Width = 125
      Height = 75
      Caption = 'Remove panel'
      TabOrder = 1
      OnClick = btnDelPanClick
    end
    object lbAddWhere: TListBox
      Left = 139
      Top = 8
      Width = 150
      Height = 75
      Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
      Font.Color = clWindowText
      Font.Height = -13
      Font.Name = 'Tahoma'
      Font.Style = []
      ItemHeight = 16
      Items.Strings = (
        'Add to the top'
        'Add to the bottom')
      ParentFont = False
      TabOrder = 2
    end
    object lbDelWhere: TListBox
      Left = 139
      Top = 89
      Width = 150
      Height = 75
      Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
      Font.Color = clWindowText
      Font.Height = -13
      Font.Name = 'Tahoma'
      Font.Style = []
      ItemHeight = 16
      Items.Strings = (
        'Delete from the top'
        'Delete from the bottom')
      ParentFont = False
      TabOrder = 3
    end
  end
  object panHost: TPanel
    Left = 305
    Top = 0
    Width = 332
    Height = 520
    Align = alClient
    TabOrder = 1
    ExplicitLeft = 392
    ExplicitTop = 264
    ExplicitWidth = 185
    ExplicitHeight = 41
  end
end