python - 使用 PIL 打开图片时无法通过 cv2 (opencv 4.4) 加载图片

Question

我有一堆图片可以使用各种方法很好地加载，例如 Image.open。但是当谈到opencv时，我什么也没得到:

from PIL import Image
import os
import cv2

 for fi in os.listdir():
            image = cv2.imread(fi)
            print(image)

            image = Image.open(fi)
            print(image)
            print(np.array(image.getdata()))

返回:

None
<PIL.PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile image mode=RGB size=1920x1080 at 0x8AF2A30>
[[31 63 84]
 [31 63 84]
 [31 63 84]
 ...
 [16 16 16]
 [16 16 16]
 [16 16 16]]

无论我为 imread 的第二个参数给出什么值，它都保持不变。给出明确的路径也不会带来任何改变。
我的文件是 1920*1080 RGB png 文件，我使用的是 python 3.7.3 和 opencv 4.4.0.44。
谢谢你的帮助
编辑 1:

General configuration for OpenCV 4.4.0 =====================================
  Version control:               4.4.0

  Platform:
    Timestamp:                   2020-09-23T00:00:53Z
    Host:                        Windows 6.3.9600 AMD64
    CMake:                       3.18.2
    CMake generator:             Visual Studio 14 2015
    CMake build tool:            C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/bin/MSBuild.exe
    MSVC:                        1900

  CPU/HW features:
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      requested:                 SSE2
    Dispatched code generation:  SSE4_1 SSE4_2 FP16 AVX
      requested:                 SSE4_1 SSE4_2 AVX FP16
      SSE4_1 (15 files):         + SSE3 SSSE3 SSE4_1
      SSE4_2 (1 files):          + SSE3 SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2
      FP16 (0 files):            + SSE3 SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 AVX
      AVX (4 files):             + SSE3 SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 AVX

  C/C++:
    Built as dynamic libs?:      NO
    C++ standard:                11
    C++ Compiler:                C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/bin/cl.exe  (ver 19.0.24241.7)
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    C++ flags (Debug):           /DWIN32 /D_WINDOWS /W4 /GR  /D _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE /D _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE /D _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /Gy /bigobj /Oi  /fp:precise  /arch:SSE /arch:SSE2 /EHa /wd4127 /wd4251 /wd4324 /wd4275 /wd4512 /wd4589 /MP  /MTd /Zi /Ob0 /Od /RTC1 
    C Compiler:                  C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/bin/cl.exe
    C flags (Release):           /DWIN32 /D_WINDOWS /W3  /D _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE /D _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE /D _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /Gy /bigobj /Oi  /fp:precise  /arch:SSE /arch:SSE2 /MP   /MT /O2 /Ob2 /DNDEBUG 
    C flags (Debug):             /DWIN32 /D_WINDOWS /W3  /D _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE /D _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE /D _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /Gy /bigobj /Oi  /fp:precise  /arch:SSE /arch:SSE2 /MP /MTd /Zi /Ob0 /Od /RTC1 
    Linker flags (Release):      /machine:X86  /NODEFAULTLIB:atlthunk.lib /INCREMENTAL:NO  /NODEFAULTLIB:libcmtd.lib /NODEFAULTLIB:libcpmtd.lib /NODEFAULTLIB:msvcrtd.lib
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           at:                   C:/Users/appveyor/AppData/Local/Temp/1/pip-req-build-4q0kz99f/_skbuild/win32-3.7/cmake-build/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv_win/icv
    Intel IPP IW:                sources (2020.0.0)
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  Install to:                    C:/Users/appveyor/AppData/Local/Temp/1/pip-req-build-4q0kz99f/_skbuild/win32-3.7/cmake-install

编辑 2

File: ... (1273217 bytes)
  chunk IHDR at offset 0x0000c, length 13
    1920 x 1080 image, 24-bit RGB, non-interlaced
  chunk pHYs at offset 0x00025, length 9: 11811x11811 pixels/meter (300 dpi)
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x0003a, length 65536
    zlib: deflated, 32K window, default compression
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x10046, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x20052, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x3005e, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x4006a, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x50076, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x60082, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x7008e, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x8009a, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x900a6, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0xa00b2, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0xb00be, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0xc00ca, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0xd00d6, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0xe00e2, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0xf00ee, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x1000fa, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x110106, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x120112, length 65536
  chunk IDAT at offset 0x13011e, length 27727
  chunk IEND at offset 0x136d79, length 0
No errors detected in ... (23 chunks, 79.5% compression).

编辑 3

Image:
  Filename: ...png
  Format: PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
  Mime type: image/png
  Class: DirectClass
  Geometry: 1920x1080+0+0
  Resolution: 118.11x118.11
  Print size: 16.256x9.14402
  Units: PixelsPerCentimeter
  Colorspace: sRGB
  Type: TrueColor
  Base type: Undefined
  Endianness: Undefined
  Depth: 8-bit
  Channel depth:
    Red: 8-bit
    Green: 8-bit
    Blue: 8-bit
  Channel statistics:
    Pixels: 2073600
    Red:
      min: 0  (0)
      max: 255 (1)
      mean: 88.4175 (0.346735)
      standard deviation: 48.6837 (0.190916)
      kurtosis: 2.88645
      skewness: 1.60217
      entropy: 0.667925
    Green:
      min: 0  (0)
      max: 255 (1)
      mean: 78.7912 (0.308985)
      standard deviation: 52.3865 (0.205437)
      kurtosis: 2.33529
      skewness: 1.54681
      entropy: 0.672343
    Blue:
      min: 0  (0)
      max: 255 (1)
      mean: 134.848 (0.528816)
      standard deviation: 81.9142 (0.321232)
      kurtosis: -1.36843
      skewness: -0.507794
      entropy: 0.668643
  Image statistics:
    Overall:
      min: 0  (0)
      max: 255 (1)
      mean: 100.686 (0.394846)
      standard deviation: 60.9948 (0.239195)
      kurtosis: -0.758096
      skewness: 0.627416
      entropy: 0.669637
  Rendering intent: Perceptual
  Gamma: 0.454545
  Chromaticity:
    red primary: (0.64,0.33)
    green primary: (0.3,0.6)
    blue primary: (0.15,0.06)
    white point: (0.3127,0.329)
  Matte color: grey74
  Background color: white
  Border color: srgb(223,223,223)
  Transparent color: none
  Interlace: None
  Intensity: Undefined
  Compose: Over
  Page geometry: 1920x1080+0+0
  Dispose: Undefined
  Iterations: 0
  Compression: Zip
  Orientation: Undefined
  Convex hull: 0,0 1919,0 1919,1039 1915,1079 104,1079 17,1066 16,1065 0,1039 0,0
  Minimum bounding box: 1919,0 1919,1079 0,1079 0,0
  Properties:
    date:create: 2020-10-21T19:06:24+00:00
    date:modify: 2020-10-21T19:22:08+00:00
    minimum-bounding-box:_p: 0,0
    minimum-bounding-box:_q: 1919,0
    minimum-bounding-box:_v: 1915,1079
    minimum-bounding-box:angle: 0
    minimum-bounding-box:area: 2.0706e+06
    minimum-bounding-box:height: 1919
    minimum-bounding-box:unrotate: -0
    minimum-bounding-box:width: 1079
    png:IHDR.bit-depth-orig: 8
    png:IHDR.bit_depth: 8
    png:IHDR.color-type-orig: 2
    png:IHDR.color_type: 2 (Truecolor)
    png:IHDR.interlace_method: 0 (Not interlaced)
    png:IHDR.width,height: 1920, 1080
    png:pHYs: x_res=11811, y_res=11811, units=1
    png:sRGB: intent=0 (Perceptual Intent)
    signature: bcf111b6c823a95bd31bbec26225847dffa81c1a07cbf95cf07396f5404ffa5c
  Artifacts:
    verbose: true
  Tainted: False
  Filesize: 1.21423MiB
  Number pixels: 2073600
  Pixels per second: 28.8118MP
  User time: 0.063u
  Elapsed time: 0:01.071
  Version: ImageMagick 7.0.10-34 Q16 x64 2020-10-08 http://www.imagemagick.org

Answer 1

它不能解决 imread 问题，但我找到了一种方法来实现我的目的:

    image = Image.open(fi)
    im_arr = np.array(image.getdata(), dtype=np.uint16).reshape(1080, 1920, 3)
    im_arr = np.vectorize(lambda x: x/255)(im_arr)
    cv2.imshow("image", im_arr)
    cv2.waitKey()

不过我会进一步调查这个问题。
编辑 :
尽管读写过程消耗了时间和空间，但这似乎也有效并且更令人满意:

    image = Image.open(fi)
    im_arr = np.array(image.getdata()).reshape(1080, 1920, 3)
    cv2.imwrite(os.path.join(path_data, "image_data_clean", rep, fi), im_arr)
    image = cv2.imread(os.path.join(path_data, "image_data_clean", rep, fi))

在那种情况下，我确实不需要类型声明和映射(但仍在 reshape )
编辑 2:
为了探索文件可能已损坏的可能性，我从源头重新解压缩了它们。我不小心把它们放在了同一个地方，所以我失去了以前的那些，从而失去了比较的可能性。但是，当我在新文件上运行时:

    test = cv2.imread(os.path.join(path_data, "image_data", rep, fi))
    print(test)
    im_arr = np.array(Image.open(os.path.join(path_data, "image_data", rep, fi)))
    print(im_arr.shape)
    print(im_arr.dtype)
    cv2.imshow("image", im_arr)
    cv2.waitKey()
>>>
None
(1080, 1920, 3)
uint8

然后我现在得到了 shape 和 dtype 的预期答案，并且 imshow 可以完美地工作而无需 reshape /类型声明!我真的很确定今天早上不是这样，所以一定是文件有问题——或者我的大脑——而不是 PIL
但是，直接尝试使用 imread 仍然很遗憾地失败了