json - 以不同的格式反序列化 JSON - Serde_JSON

Question

我正在尝试从具有以下维度的 Rust 文件中读取 JSON:

{
    "DIPLOBLASTIC":"Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinallayers.",
    "DEFIGURE":"To delineate. [Obs.]These two stones as they are here defigured. Weever.",
    "LOMBARD":"Of or pertaining to Lombardy, or the inhabitants of Lombardy.",
    "BAHAISM":"The religious tenets or practices of the Bahais."
}

我想将每个单词及其描述存储在一个向量中(这是一个刽子手游戏)。如果文件格式如下，我可以读取文件:

[
    {
        "word": "DIPLOBLASTIC",
        "description": "Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinallayers."
    },
    {
        "word": "DEFIGURE",
        "description": "To delineate. [Obs.]These two stones as they are here defigured. Weever."
    }
]

我使用以下代码执行此操作:

#[macro_use]
extern crate serde_derive;

use serde_json::Result;
use std::fs;

#[derive(Deserialize, Debug)]
struct Word {
    word: String,
    description: String,
}

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let data = fs::read_to_string("src/words.json").expect("Something went wrong...");
    let words: Vec<Word> = serde_json::from_str(&data)?;
    println!("{}", words[0].word);
    Ok(())
}

但是，在第二个 JSON 示例中，我试图找出如何保留 JSON 文件的原始格式而不将其转换为单词和描述。

有没有办法使用现有的 JSON 格式，或者我需要重新格式化它吗？

Answer 1

您可以将 map 收集到 HashMap 或 BTreeMap 中，然后使用它的键值对来制作单词向量。

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let data = r#"{
        "DIPLOBLASTIC":"Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinallayers.",
        "DEFIGURE":"To delineate. [Obs.]These two stones as they are here defigured. Weever.",
        "LOMBARD":"Of or pertaining to Lombardy, or the inhabitants of Lombardy.",
        "BAHAISM":"The religious tenets or practices of the Bahais."
    }"#;
    let words: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String> = serde_json::from_str(data)?;
    let words = words
        .into_iter()
        .map(|(word, description)| Word { word, description })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    println!("{:#?}", words);
    Ok(())
}