django - DRF ListSerializer 和 ListField

Question

我在我的项目中使用 django rest，直到现在我使用的对象列表 ListSerializer ，当我需要列表的最小长度和最大长度时，我用谷歌搜索并找到了 ListField .

在此之前，我的代码运行良好，没有任何错误和不当行为。现在我使用 ListField 作为我的列表字段序列化器，但是我不知道什么时候使用 ListSerializer？有人可以解释 ListSerializer 和 FieldSerializer 之间的区别吗？

我使用 ListSerializer 的示例代码:

tags = serializers.ListSerializer(child=serializers.CharField(allow_blank=False), required=False)

我的 ListField 示例代码:

open_hour = serializers.ListField(child=serializers.DictField(), max_length=7, min_length=7)

Answer 1

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Can someone explain the difference between ListSerializer and FieldSerializer?

我假设问题是 serializers.ListSerializer 和 serializers.ListField 之间的区别

假设我们有两个模型作为

class Musician(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    instrument = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    def __str__(self):
        return f'{self.first_name} {self.last_name}'


class Album(models.Model):
    artist = models.ForeignKey(Musician, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    release_date = models.DateField()
    num_stars = models.IntegerField()

    def __str__(self):
        return f'{self.name} : {self.artist}'

和序列化器作为

class AlbumSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    artist = serializers.StringRelatedField()

    class Meta:
        fields = '__all__'
        model = Album


class MusicianSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    AlbumSerializer(many=True, source='album_set')

    class Meta:
        fields = '__all__'
        model = Musician

ListSerializer
如官方所述DRF doc

When a serializer is instantiated and many=True is passed, a ListSerializer instance will be created. The serializer class then becomes a child of the parent ListSerializer

例如，我们可以用 ListSerializer 重写 MusicianSerializer 为

class MusicianSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    albums = serializers.ListSerializer(child=AlbumSerializer(), source='album_set')

    class Meta:
        fields = '__all__'
        model = Musician

它会产生与以前相同的结果。但是，如果我们尝试使用 ListField 而不是 ListSerializer 它将引发错误

'RelatedManager' object is not iterable

查看源码时，发现ListSerializer和ListField都是继承自同一个类(父类和祖父类相同)