ssh - 通过 SSH 使用 ipython notebook 会导致 GLIBC not found 错误

Question

我正在尝试通过 SSH 在先前在直接登录的计算机上创建的 virtualenv 中运行 ipython notebook(无 SSH)。这样做时，ipython notebook 失败并显示:

(venv2) [host]user: ipython notebook --nobrowser

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".../venv2/bin/ipython", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(start_ipython())
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 118, in start_ipython
    return launch_new_instance(argv=argv, **kwargs)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 591, in launch_instance
    app.initialize(argv)
  File "<decorator-gen-111>", line 2, in initialize
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 75, in catch_config_error
    return method(app, *args, **kwargs)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/terminal/ipapp.py", line 305, in initialize
    super(TerminalIPythonApp, self).initialize(argv)
  File "<decorator-gen-7>", line 2, in initialize
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 75, in catch_config_error
    return method(app, *args, **kwargs)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/core/application.py", line 386, in initialize
    self.parse_command_line(argv)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/terminal/ipapp.py", line 300, in parse_command_line
    return super(TerminalIPythonApp, self).parse_command_line(argv)
  File "<decorator-gen-4>", line 2, in parse_command_line
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 75, in catch_config_error
    return method(app, *args, **kwargs)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 487, in parse_command_line
    return self.initialize_subcommand(subc, subargv)
  File "<decorator-gen-3>", line 2, in initialize_subcommand
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 75, in catch_config_error
    return method(app, *args, **kwargs)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/traitlets/config/application.py", line 418, in initialize_subcommand
    subapp = import_item(subapp)
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ipython_genutils/importstring.py", line 31, in import_item
    module = __import__(package, fromlist=[obj])
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/notebook/notebookapp.py", line 32, in <module>
    from zmq.eventloop import ioloop
  File ".../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/__init__.py", line 44, in <module>
    _libsodium = ctypes.CDLL(bundled_sodium[0], mode=ctypes.RTLD_GLOBAL)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/ctypes/__init__.py", line 365, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
  OSError: /lib64/libc.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by .../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so)
  linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffc957cf000)
    libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /usr/lib64/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x00007ffa27a84000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007ffa27867000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007ffa274d2000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007ffa272ce000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib64/libutil.so.1 (0x00007ffa270cb000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007ffa26e46000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003f10400000)
  symbol memcpy, version GLIBC_2.14 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference  (.../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so)

ldd 给出:

(venv2) [host]user: ldd -r -v .../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so
.../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by .../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so)
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffd835e7000)
    libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /usr/lib64/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x00007f229227b000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f229205e000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f2291cc9000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f2291ac5000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib64/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f22918c2000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f229163d000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003f10400000)
symbol memcpy, version GLIBC_2.14 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference    (.../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so)

    Version information:
    .../venv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zmq/libsodium.so:
        libpthread.so.0 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libpthread.so.0
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.14) => not found
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.3.4) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.4) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libc.so.6
    /usr/lib64/libpython2.7.so.1.0:
        libdl.so.2 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libdl.so.2
        libutil.so.1 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libutil.so.1
        libpthread.so.0 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libpthread.so.0
        libm.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libm.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.4) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.3) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.3.4) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libc.so.6
    /lib64/libpthread.so.0:
        ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (GLIBC_2.3) => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (GLIBC_PRIVATE) => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.3.2) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_PRIVATE) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libc.so.6
    /lib64/libc.so.6:
        ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (GLIBC_PRIVATE) => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (GLIBC_2.3) => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
    /lib64/libdl.so.2:
        ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (GLIBC_PRIVATE) => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_PRIVATE) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libc.so.6
    /lib64/libutil.so.1:
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libc.so.6
    /lib64/libm.so.6:
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_PRIVATE) => /lib64/libc.so.6
        libc.so.6 (GLIBC_2.2.5) => /lib64/libc.so.6

通过普通桌面登录使用 ipython notebook 时，一切正常，但通过 SSH 使用它总是会出现此错误。通过 SSH 重新安装 venv 没有帮助。我没有 root 访问权限，也没有 sudo。

任何想法如何让它工作？

非常感谢!

Answer 1

来自 https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html :

The venv module provides support for creating lightweight “virtual environments”
with their own site directories, optionally isolated from system
site directories.

显然，您的虚拟环境与系统隔离，并且使用的是旧版本的 GLIBC。您问题的 SSH 部分可能是一个红鲱鱼，它是 venv这会导致您的问题，而不是 ssh。

您可以通过运行 /lib64/libc.so.6 找到 venv 内外的 glibc 版本。 .

一旦您确认 libc.so.6里面 venv早于 2.14 ...您几乎无法解决此问题。

您可以与维护您的 venv 的任何人合作。更新其中的 GLIBC 以匹配系统一，或者您可以尝试创建不需要 GLIBC-2.14 的二进制文件.

后一种解决方案是不平凡的。两种常见的方法是在 chroot 中编译/链接您的二进制文件。环境，或使用 linux-to-older-linux 交叉编译器。

更可行的方法可能是始终在 venv 中构建二进制文件。 .然后，他们将在内部和外部工作。