r - 如何枚举一个包实现的所有S4方法？

Question

我正在寻找一种方法来查询特定包(通过其命名空间环境给出)实现的所有 S4 方法。我认为我可以枚举以 .__T__ 开头的所有对象，但我更喜欢使用记录的和/或不那么黑客的方式。

> ls(asNamespace("RSQLite"), all.names = TRUE, pattern = "^[.]__T__")
 [1] ".__T__dbBegin:DBI"                 ".__T__dbBeginTransaction:RSQLite" 
 [3] ".__T__dbBind:DBI"                  ".__T__dbClearResult:DBI"          
 [5] ".__T__dbColumnInfo:DBI"            ".__T__dbCommit:DBI"               
 [7] ".__T__dbConnect:DBI"               ".__T__dbDataType:DBI"             
 [9] ".__T__dbDisconnect:DBI"            ".__T__dbExistsTable:DBI"          
[11] ".__T__dbFetch:DBI"                 ".__T__dbGetException:DBI"         
[13] ".__T__dbGetInfo:DBI"               ".__T__dbGetPreparedQuery:RSQLite" 
[15] ".__T__dbGetQuery:DBI"              ".__T__dbGetRowCount:DBI"          
[17] ".__T__dbGetRowsAffected:DBI"       ".__T__dbGetStatement:DBI"         
[19] ".__T__dbHasCompleted:DBI"          ".__T__dbIsValid:DBI"              
[21] ".__T__dbListFields:DBI"            ".__T__dbListResults:DBI"          
[23] ".__T__dbListTables:DBI"            ".__T__dbReadTable:DBI"            
[25] ".__T__dbRemoveTable:DBI"           ".__T__dbRollback:DBI"             
[27] ".__T__dbSendPreparedQuery:RSQLite" ".__T__dbSendQuery:DBI"            
[29] ".__T__dbUnloadDriver:DBI"          ".__T__dbWriteTable:DBI"           
[31] ".__T__fetch:DBI"                   ".__T__isSQLKeyword:DBI"           
[33] ".__T__make.db.names:DBI"           ".__T__show:methods"               
[35] ".__T__sqlData:DBI"                 ".__T__SQLKeywords:DBI"            

Answer 1

我认为 showMethods 是方法中唯一可用的东西，但它实际上并不将函数作为对象返回，只是将它们打印到屏幕上。

以下内容将返回环境中定义的方法列表。改编自 covr::replacements_S4()，用于修改包中的所有方法以跟踪覆盖率。

S4_methods <- function(env) {
  generics <- methods::getGenerics(env)

  res <- Map(generics@.Data, generics@package, USE.NAMES = FALSE,
    f = function(name, package) {
      what <- methods::methodsPackageMetaName("T", paste(name, package, sep = ":"))

      table <- get(what, envir = env)

      mget(ls(table, all.names = TRUE), envir = table)
    })
  res[lengths(res) > 0]
}

m <- S4_methods(asNamespace("DBI"))
length(m)
#> [1] 21
m[1:3]
#> [[1]]
#> [[1]]$DBIObject
#> function(dbObj, obj, ...) {
#>   dbiDataType(obj)
#> }
#> <environment: namespace:DBI>
#> attr(,"target")
#> An object of class "signature"
#>       dbObj 
#> "DBIObject" 
#> attr(,"defined")
#> An object of class "signature"
#>       dbObj 
#> "DBIObject" 
#> attr(,"generic")
#> [1] "dbDataType"
#> attr(,"generic")attr(,"package")
#> [1] "DBI"
#> attr(,"class")
#> [1] "MethodDefinition"
#> attr(,"class")attr(,"package")
#> [1] "methods"
#> 
#> 
#> [[2]]
#> [[2]]$character
#> function(drvName, ...) {
#>     findDriver(drvName)(...)
#>   }
#> <environment: namespace:DBI>
#> attr(,"target")
#> An object of class "signature"
#>     drvName 
#> "character" 
#> attr(,"defined")
#> An object of class "signature"
#>     drvName 
#> "character" 
#> attr(,"generic")
#> [1] "dbDriver"
#> attr(,"generic")attr(,"package")
#> [1] "DBI"
#> attr(,"class")
#> [1] "MethodDefinition"
#> attr(,"class")attr(,"package")
#> [1] "methods"
#> 
#> 
#> [[3]]
#> [[3]]$`DBIConnection#character`
#> function(conn, statement, ...) {
#>     rs <- dbSendStatement(conn, statement, ...)
#>     on.exit(dbClearResult(rs))
#>     dbGetRowsAffected(rs)
#>   }
#> <environment: namespace:DBI>
#> attr(,"target")
#> An object of class "signature"
#>            conn       statement 
#> "DBIConnection"     "character" 
#> attr(,"defined")
#> An object of class "signature"
#>            conn       statement 
#> "DBIConnection"     "character" 
#> attr(,"generic")
#> [1] "dbExecute"
#> attr(,"generic")attr(,"package")
#> [1] "DBI"
#> attr(,"class")
#> [1] "MethodDefinition"
#> attr(,"class")attr(,"package")
#> [1] "methods"